The paper describes emerging strategies employed by extension and continuing education units as they adapt to changes in the university and the larger community. The cost-recovery, entrepreneurial model of continuing education, relatively greater emphasis on continuing professional development programs, less emphasis on the traditional service function, the application of distance education tec...

Application service providers are trying their best to enhance existing customers’ loyalty because of the prosperous and competitive market. Customers switch suppliers based on economic evaluation. Other suppliers easily imitate the competitive edge derived from price and cost factors. From social exchange theory and relationship management, psychological factors are important for industrial cu...