The adverse effects of smoking have fostered a natural market for smoking cessation and smoking reduction products. Smokers attempting to quit or reduce consumption have tried everything: "low" or "light" cigarettes; nicotine-infused chewing gum, lozenges, and lollipops; dermal patches; and even hypnosis. The latest craze in the quest to find a safer source of nicotine is the electronic cigaret...

OBJECTIVE This systematic review examines the impact of non-menthol flavours in tobacco products on tobacco use perceptions and behaviours among youth, young adults and adults. DATA SOURCES English-language peer-reviewed publications indexed in 4 databases were searched through April 2016. STUDY SELECTION A search strategy was developed related to tobacco products and flavours. Of 1688 arti...

Oral carcinogenesis is considered to be a highly complex, molecular and histologically multistage process, which is often localized in the oral cavity, may metastasize and spread out resulting in the onset of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck (SCCHN). Among all the oral cancers, the frequency with which OSCC (Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma) (arising from the lining mucosa) occurs is the hi...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use in dental patients, to compare the knowledge of the effects of tobacco in tobacco users and nonuser, to determine their source of information, and to obtain their opinion on strategies that may be used to reduce or stop tobacco consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional survey of 400 pa...

INTRODUCTION The isolated island nation of Madagascar has substantial prevalence of both smoking and smokeless tobacco use, although not of dual use. Madagascar's tobacco market, much like its historical and cultural underpinnings, appears to have both Asian and African influences. Additionally, it has a unique market structure that plays an important role in influencing patterns of tobacco use...

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Tobacco heating products (THPs), which heat rather than burn tobacco, have been demonstrated by a number of studies to produce an aerosol with substantially lower levels toxicants and reduced cytotoxicity relative cigarette smoke. As they evolve in design function, however, it is important verify that variant THPs maintain sufficient equivalence...

Recent years have seen a growing recognition that product regulation is critical to dealing effectively with the tobacco epidemic. It is also now widely recognized that, though it is the nicotine that causes dependence, tobacco products (which can be characterized as particularly ‘dirty’ drug delivery devices) are responsible for the vast majority of the damage to health. This duality of a drug...

INTRODUCTION Heating rather than burning tobacco reduces levels of harmful and potentially harmful constituents, and consumer products using this approach aim to reduce exposure to tobacco toxicants. The Tobacco Heating System (THS) version 2.1 has been enhanced from earlier prototypes with an improved heat control and sensorial experience and thereby user acceptance. Exposure measurements are ...