This paper reports further progress into a computational implementation of a new formalism for construction grammar, known as Fluid Construction Grammar (FCG). We focus in particular on how hierarchy can be implemented. The paper analyses the requirements for a proper treatment of hierarchy in grammar and then proposes a particular solution based on a new operator, known as the J-operator. The ...

Abstract This paper studies the implications of imperfect competition in firm-to-firm trade. Exploiting data on universe sales relationships between Belgian firms, we document that firms’ markups increase average input shares among their buyers. Motivated by this fact, develop and estimate a model where firms charge buyer–supplier-specific depend bilateral shares. We find markup dispersion with...

This study aims to analyze the effect of intellectual capital, managerial ownership, company size and financial performance on firm value. research was conducted at building construction industry sub-sector companies listed Indonesia Stock Exchange for observation period from 2017 – 2021. A total sample 9 obtained using a purposive sampling technique. used panel data regression analysis with ST...

Fluid Construction Grammar (FCG) is a formalism for defining the inventory of lexical and grammatical conventions that language processing requires and the operations with which this inventory is used to parse and produce sentences. This chapter introduces some of the key ideas and basic design principles behind the development of Fluid Construction Grammar.

German case syncretism is often assumed to be the accidental by-product of historical development. This paper contradicts this claim and argues that the evolution of German case is driven by the need to optimize the cognitive effort and memory required for processing and interpretation. This hypothesis is supported by a novel kind of computational experiments that reconstruct and compare attest...

Construction is a complex activity, characterized by high levels of capital investment, relatively long delivery durations, multitudinous risks and uncertainties, as well requiring the integration multiple skills delivering huge volume tasks processes. All these must be coordinated carefully if time, cost, quality constraints are to met. At same construction renowned for performing poorly regar...

Undergraduate life science majors are reputed to have negative emotions toward mathematics, yet little empirical evidence supports this. We sought to compare emotions of majors in the life sciences versus other natural sciences and math. We adapted the Attitudes toward the Subject of Chemistry Inventory to create an Attitudes toward the Subject of Mathematics Inventory (ASMI). We collected data...

Fluid Construction Grammar (FCG) is an open-source computational grammar formalism that is becoming increasingly popular for studying the history and evolution of language. This demonstration shows how FCG can be used to operationalise the cultural processes and cognitive mechanisms that underly language evolution and change.