This paper investigates the backorder rate inventory problem with defective units. In practice, the uncertainties of customer’s demand and backorder rate are inherent; hence, backorder rate and customer’s demand are not constant. In this study, we assume that the backorder rate is dependent on the amount of shortages and backorder price discounts, and the lead time demand follows a mixture of d...

This paper analyzes dynamic advertising and pricing policies in a durable-good duopoly. The proposed infinite-horizon model, while general enough to capture dynamic price and advertising interactions in a competitive setting, also permits closed-form solutions. We use differential game theory to analyze two different demand specifications – linear demand and isoelastic demand – for symmetric an...

Water quality indices (WQIs), which translate numerical values of several water quality characteristics of a sample into a single value, play a very important role in the monitoring, comparison and control of water quality. The WQIs of modern and post-modern times have been almost exclusively based on physical and chemical characteristics, and have seldom included 'biological' characteristics o...

Our current understanding is that plant species distribution in the subtropical mountain forests of Southwest China is controlled mainly by inadequate warmth. Due to abundant annual precipitation, aridity has been less considered in this context, yet rainfall here is highly seasonal, and the magnitude of drought severity at different elevations has not been examined due to limited access to hig...

BACKGROUND Using a large cohort of western Canadian sawmill workers (n = 28,794), the association between psychosocial work conditions and attempted and completed suicide was investigated. METHODS Records of attempted and completed suicide were accessed through a provincial hospital discharge registry to identify cases that were then matched using a nested case control method. Psychosocial wo...

This article, inspired by an industrial problem, develops efficient maintenance and just-in-time production policies in a subcontracting environment according to two orientations. The first invokes subcontracting with the objective of satisfying a constant customer demand knowing that our production system, composed of a machine M1, cannot satisfy the totality of demand. Subcontracting is repre...

Conditions in the market for lawyers have been remarkably turbulent over the course of the last forty years, both in terms of the size of the legal industry and the earnings of attorneys. Similarly, law school demand has been in a state of constant flux, oscillating between cycles of boom and bust. This study examines the appeal of law school over the same period, using administrations of the L...

Consider a graph G in which each vertex is either a supply vertex or a demand vertex and is assigned a supply or a demand. Such a graph G is called a power supply network. All the supplies and demands are nonnegative constant numbers in an ordinary network, called a steady network [1].This thesis introduces a parametric power supply network, in which all the supplies and demands are functions o...

INTRODUCTION The pharmaceutical industry is both blessed and cursed by data. There are a number of data sources and inputs available for Time Series (TS) analysis: total prescriptions, new prescriptions, total units, units by stock keeping unit, units by strength, days of therapy, patient days, retail units, hospital units, sales to wholesalers, retail pharmacy inventories and so forth[1]. In t...

In this paper we present a finite horizon single product single machine production problem. Demand rate and all the cost patterns do not change over time. However, end of horizon effects may require production rate adjustments at the beginning of each cycle. It is found that no such adjustments are required. The machine should be operated either at minimum speed (i.e. production rate = demand r...