This paper presents experimentally based rules and methods for the creation of harmonic color sets. First, dichromatic rules are presented which concern the harmony relationships of two hues. For an arbitrarily given hue pair, we define the just harmonic saturation values, resulting in minimally harmonic color pairs. These values express the fuzzy border between harmony and disharmony regions u...

Derivational sequences and harmony scales are collections of relationships between phonological structures that are used to pick out a grammatical surface representation: a surface representation is the final form in a sequence in derivational phonology; it is the optimal form on a scale of relative harmony in optimality phonology. The two approaches would match still further if traversing alon...

Most investigators agree that the acoustic information for American English vowels includes dynamic (time-varying) parameters as well as static "target" information contained in a single cross section of the syllable. Using the silent-center (SC) paradigm, the present experiment examined the case in which the initial and final portions of stop consonant-vowel-stop consonant (CVC) syllables cont...

HYPOTHESIS The purpose of the present study was to investigate the consonant recognition of Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants (CIs) and hearing aids (HAs) and to determine if they reach a level of consonant recognition similar to that of normal-hearing (NH) children. BACKGROUND Little information is available in the literature regarding the consonant perception abilities of pr...

Combinations of metaheuristics to solve highly constrained combinatorial optimisation problems have recently become a promising research area. Some combinations emerge from integrating evolutionary algorithms and local based algorithms to strike the right balance between global exploration of the search region and local exploitation of promising regions. This study presents hybridization betwee...

In 1913, Anton Pfalz described a specific relation of vowel and consonant sequences for East Middle Bavarian dialects, located in the eastern parts of Austria. According to his observations, a long vowel is always followed by a lenis consonant, and a short vowel is always followed by a fortis consonant. Consequently, vowel duration depends on the quality of the following consonant. Phonetic exa...

Identification functions of 20 initial and 20 final consonants were characterized in 9600 randomly sampled consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) tokens presented in speech-spectrum noise. Because of differences in the response criteria for different consonants, signal detection measures were used to quantify identifiability. Consonant-specific baseline signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) were adjusted to p...

This study investigates the distortion of visual colour harmony impression in case of different types of artificial changes among the perceptual attributes of test samples. A set of visual experiments were carried out to investigate the observer’s colour harmony impression as a function of artificial distortions. The visual colour harmony impression of a colour combination appearing harmonious ...

Phonological studies of ATR harmony have led to advances in autosegmental phonology, markedness theory, and locality. Nevertheless, many of our theoretical assumptions may have been based on misanalyzed data or non-rigorous typological assumptions. For example, detailed acoustic and/or articulatory studies have shown that transparent vowels are not always transparent (Gick et al 2006, Richart &...

background: one of the most common complaints expressed by individuals with hearing-impairment is the difficulty in speech perception in background noise. different tests have been developed for the evaluation of reduced ability of speech perception in noise, and the consonant-vowel in noise test is one of the simplest one regard to speech materials. the goal of the present study was developmen...