Confidence interval construction for the Youden index of a diagnostic test based on partially validated series with dichotomous response is considered in this article. Using the Wald and Agresti-Coull, theWilson score, logit-transformation and themethod of variance estimates recovery, eightmethods for constructing confidence intervals for a single Youden index and nine methods for the differenc...

Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the reliability of the adhesive remnant index (ARI) score system with different assessment methods and to test the compatibility of the estimators. Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight human premolars were used in this study. The premolar brackets (SmartClip, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) were bonded with a light cure adhesive (Tran...

Confidence intervals are an established means of portraying uncertainty about inferred parameter and can be generated through the use confidence distributions. For a distribution to valid, it must maintain frequentist coverage true parameter. This represented for precise by adherence cumulative unit uniform distribution, comparison that is referred here as Singh plot. article extends this impre...

soil compaction is a major problem in many parts of the world. the determination of soil compaction profiles requires fast sampling systems to keep pace with the change in soil moisture condition over time. soil cone penetrometers are commonly used for this purpose. a tractor-mounted soil cone penetrometer was designed and fabricated with multiple probes and the ability to determine cone index ...

BACKGROUND Extreme obesity is recognized to be a risk factor for heart failure. It is unclear whether overweight and lesser degrees of obesity also pose a risk. METHODS We investigated the relation between the body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) and the incidence of heart failure among 5881 participants in the Framingham Heart Study (mean ag...

BACKGROUND The phenomenon of inequitable healthcare utilization in rural China interests policymakers and researchers; however, the inequity has not been actually measured to present the magnitude and trend using nationally representative data. METHODS Based on the National Health Service Survey (NHSS) in 1993, 1998, 2003, and 2008, the Probit model with the probability of outpatient visit an...