Drosophila atonal (ato) is the proneural gene of the chordotonal organs (CHOs) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the larval and adult photoreceptor organs. Here, we show that ato is expressed at multiple stages during the development of a lineage of central brain neurons that innervate the optic lobes and are required for eclosion. A novel fate mapping approach shows that ato is expres...

PURPOSE Little is known about the optimal clinical use of ABT-888 (veliparib) for treatment of glioblastoma. ABT-888 is a PARP inhibitor undergoing extensive clinical evaluation in glioblastoma, because it may synergize with the standard-of-care temozolomide (TMZ). We have elucidated important factors controlling ABT-888 efficacy in glioblastoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used genetically engine...

In the title compound, [Ce(C(9)H(4)N(2)O(4))(C(2)H(3)O(2))(H(2)O)](n), the Ce(III) ion is coordinated by five O atoms and one N atom from four 1H-benzimidazole-5,6-dicarboxyl-ato (L) ligands and by two O atoms from an acetate ligand and one aqua ligand, forming a slightly distorted tricapped trigonal-prismatic geometry. The L ligands are bridging, forming a layered polymer parallel to (010). In...

Arsenic main inorganic compound is arsenic trioxide (ATO) presented in solution mainly as arsenite. ATO increases intracellular pH (pHi), cell proliferation and tumor growth. Sodium-proton exchangers (NHEs) modulate the pHi, with NHE1 playing significant roles. Whether ATO-increased cell proliferation results from altered NHEs expression and activity is unknown. We hypothesize that ATO increase...

PURPOSE Arsenic trioxide (ATO) as a single agent is used for treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with minimal toxicity, but therapeutic effect of ATO in other types of malignancies has not been achieved. We tested whether a combination with ethacrynic acid (EA), a glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1-1) inhibitor, and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer will extend the therapeu...

Human constitutive androstane receptor (hCAR, NR1I3) is a member of the orphan nuclear receptor family and regulates the transcription of many drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. Previous studies have shown that the hCAR gene produces a number of different kinds of mRNA splicing variants (SVs) in nonAsian ethnicities. In the present study, we identified 18 hCAR SVs (SV1–SV18), incl...

The treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has been based on the administration of all-trans retinoic acid plus anthracycline chemotherapy, which is very effective as first line therapy; however 25 to 30% of patients will relapse with their disease becoming refractory to conventional therapy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether arsenic trioxide (ATO) indu...

The use of arsenic trioxide (ATO) to treat multiple myeloma (MM) is supported by preclinical studies as well as several phase 2 studies, but the precise mechanism(s) of action of ATO has not been completely elucidated. We used gene expression profiling to determine the regulation of apoptosis-related genes by ATO in 4 MM cell lines and then focused on Bcl-2 family genes. ATO induced up-regulati...

selected patients who cannot tolerate anthracycline—for example those with cardiac dysfunction, older adults with poor performance status, and possibly Jehovah’s Witnesses— ATO (probably still in combination with ATRA) would be a very reasonable alternative to the standard ATRA/chemotherapy. Of interest, in this report, patients were initially enrolled in the study because they could not afford...

Automatic Train Operation (ATO) is one of the most important functions for an advanced train control system in high-speed railway systems. Research on optimization methods for ATO has been done before it is implemented in a train control system. From a theoretical point of view, it can be formulated as one of the functions of multi-objective Optimal Control Theory. This paper presents a new mul...