Among many factors affecting learning a language, motivation is the most well- documented in theory and less operationalized in practice entity and it calls for consideration when it comes to learn speaking skill in English as Foreign Language (EFL) education ecology. This study investigates the effect of storytelling through puppets on 60 Iranian pre -intermediate EFL learners' Motivation and ...

This paper is a contribution to the study of the global structure of measure preserving actions of countable (discrete) groups on non-atomic standard probability spaces. For such a group Γ and space (X,μ), we let A(Γ, X, μ) be the space of measure preserving actions of Γ on (X,μ). In the book [K] a hierarchical notion of complexity of such actions, called weak containment, was introduced, motiv...

It is a standard assumption that subordinate clauses like relative, embedded declarative, and interrogative clauses in natural language vary according to their morphosyntactic and semantic characteristics. Their morphosyntactic variation is expressed in the presence/absence of a wh-word, a relative pronoun, or an overt complementizer; syntactic transparency (embedded declaratives) or opacity (e...

In the biclique attack, a shorter biclique usually results in less data complexity, but at the expense of more computational complexity. The early abort technique can be used in partial matching part of the biclique attack in order to slightly reduce the computations. In this paper, we make use of this technique, but instead of slight improvement in the computational complexity, we keep the amo...

This research study employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate the test takers’ perceptions and anx- iety in relation to an English language proficiency test called Community English Program (CEP). This study also evaluated the direct and semi-direct modes for speaking module of this test. To this end, 300 Eng- lish as Foreign Language (EFL) students were recruited in the study as test ta...

abstractwriting and speaking are the productive skills of a language and share similar components. however, there has been little attempt to investigate the impact of writing practice on the speaking proficiency of the learners. the present study using a pretest-posttest controlled group design in a quasi-experimental approach investigated the effect of guided writing practice on the speaking p...

Abstract This study builds upon previous research investigating the construct validity of phraseological complexity as an index L2 development and proficiency. Whereas studies have focused on cross-sectional comparisons written productions across proficiency levels, current compares longitudinal in oral elicited over a 21-month period from learners French. We also improve state art by including...

Andrew Feenberg is one of the most significant contemporary social philosophers. His work and its influence in the philosophy of technology are well-known; he has developed a set of ideas about technology and its relationship to society that go importantly beyond standard debates about the “neutrality” or “complicity” of modern technology with respect to its social consequences, emphasizing the...