Primary Production and Precipitation Knapp and Smith (1) suggested that interannual variability in aboveground net primary production (ANPP) is not related to fluctuations in precipitation, based on analysis of data from 11 Long-Term Ecological Research sites across North America. This finding, if applicable to other regions, is crucial to climate change research, because it may necessitate rev...

What are the limits and modulators of neural precision? We address this question in the most regular biological oscillator known, the electric organ command nucleus in the brainstem of wave-type gymnotiform fish. These fish produce an oscillating electric field, the electric organ discharge (EOD), used in electrolocation and communication. We show here that the EOD precision, measured by the co...

in this research, the risk, return and coefficient of variation (cv) are calculated and compared in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries during 2003-2008 in tehran stock exchange. also, the effect of stock transactions is investigated in the companies working in these industries to realize the risk, return and cv.  results of this research represent that there are no significant r...

Genetic diversity amongst 21 induced mutant clones tolerant to salinity along with one non-irradiated sensitive clone of banana (Musa acuminata cv. Dwarf Cavendish (AAA)) were studied using morphological and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Out of the 30 phenotypic indices screened, 23 were polymorph and two traits, leaf habit and blotches color, were differentiated by non-irrad...

During walking, variability in step parameters allows the body to adapt to changes in substrate or unexpected perturbations that may occur as the feet interface with the environment. Despite a rich literature describing biomechanical variability in step parameters, there are as yet no studies that consider variability at the body-environment interface. Here, we used pedobarographic statistical ...

The aim of this simulation study was to investigate the influence of local tissue in-homogeneities on the estimates of muscle fiber conduction velocity (CV) from surface EMG signals. A recently developed analytical surface EMG model was used to generate simulated surface EMG signals from a planar layered volume conductor, comprised of the muscle tissue and fat layer, with spheres (1 mm radius) ...

purpose this preliminary study aimed to determine the intrarater reliability of the quantitative tests for the study of non-specific low back pain. methods test-retest reliability of the measurements of ratio data was determined by an intraclass correlation coefficient (icc), standard error of measurements (sems), coefficient of variation (cv), and one-way repeated measures anova using the valu...

BACKGROUND Ultrasonic tissue characterization (UTC) has been widely used to investigate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in various cardiac disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between functional capacity and UTC in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM). METHODS AND RESULTS Treadmill test according to modified-Bruce protocol was performed in 48...

The variability of the second order moments of flood peaks with respect to geomorphoclimatic basin characteristics was investigated. In particular, the behaviour of the coefficient of variation (Cv) of the series of annual maximum floods was analysed with respect to its dependence on physically consistent quantities. The results achieved were in fairly good agreement with real world observed ch...

PURPOSE To assess the reliability of triaxial accelerometers as a measure of physical activity in team sports. METHODS Eight accelerometers (MinimaxX 2.0, Catapult, Australia) were attached to a hydraulic universal testing machine (Instron 8501) and oscillated over two protocols (0.5 g and 3.0 g) to assess within- and between device reliability. A static assessment was also conducted. Secondl...