Understanding the mechanisms of DNA compaction is becoming increasingly important for gene therapy and nanotechnology DNA applications. The kinetics of the compaction velocity of single DNA molecules was studied using two non-protein condensation systems, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with Mg(2+) for the polymer-salt-induced condensation system and spermine for the polyamine condensation system. ...

Soil compaction by machine used in forest harvesting operation caused negative impacts for regeneration and tree growth. This research was intended to analyze the effectiveness of using slash to decrease soil compaction, to analyze soil compaction at various soil depths, and to measure rut depth at soil surface. Valmet 860.1 forwarder was used in this research. Soil compaction was measured thro...

Many built-in self-testing (BIST) schemes compress the test responses from a k-output circuit to q signature streams, where q << k, a process termed space compaction. The effectiveness of such a compaction method can be measured by its compaction ratio c = k/q. A high compaction ratio can introduce aliasing, which occurs when a faulty test response maps to the faultfree signature. We investigat...

OBJECTIVE(S) This study was performed aiming to investigate the effect of particle engineering via spray drying of hydroalcoholic solution on solid states and physico-mechanical properties of acetaminophen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Spray drying of hydroalcoholic solution (25% v/v ethanol/water) of acetaminophen (5% w/v) in the presence of small amounts of polyninylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP) (0, 1.25,...

In this paper, we present several powerful techniques which allow us to generate efficiently channel routing solutions which are beneficial to further compaction. Our techniques can be applied to straight track compaction as well as to contour routing compaction, and produce very encouraging results. In particular, for Deutsch’s Difficult Example, we obtained a straight track routing solution w...

Test compaction is an effective technique for reducing test data volume and test application time. In this paper, we present a new static test compaction algorithm based on test vector decomposition and clustering. Test vectors are decomposed and clustered in an increasing order of faults detection count. This clustering order gives more degree of freedom and results in better compaction. Exper...

Soil compaction has become a widespread problem in the world and is one of the factors involved in land degradation and declining crop yields, especially in the arid and semi-arid agriculture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of subsoil compaction on morphological, physiological and agronomic aspects of wheat .The research was carried out in the experimental farms of Anb...

One "Quality by Design" approach is the focus on the variability of the properties of the active substance. This is crucially important for active substances that are obtained from natural resources such as herbal plant material and extracts. In this paper, we present various strategies for the development of herbal products especially taking into account the natural batch-to-batch variability ...

Physical changes caused by forest management practices can have a dramatic effect on the soil biota in a forest ecosystem. The effects of soil compaction associated with harvesting on earthworm populations and selected soil properties were measured in a hardwood (oak-hickory) forest in Missouri. Soils in this region of Missouri are characterized by a cherty residuum that is primarily of the Cla...