Problem Demand for long-term care services for older people is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries. Countries need to establish national long-term care systems that are sustainable and equitable. Approach The Governments of Costa Rica and Thailand have implemented broadly comparable interventions to deploy volunteers in long-term home care. Both countries trained older volu...

Despite strong policy support for volunteerism, Chinese social service organizations require assistance in volunteer management, particularly concerning retaining volunteers and sustaining the supply of services. By interviewing from a successful organization analyzing collected data using constructive grounded theories methods, this study found that, contrary to conclusions previous studies, (...

Dopamine plays an important role in modulating incentive motivation, expressed behaviorally as approach behavior. EEG studies report association between approach behavior and asymmetric pattern of activation in anterior cortical regions (as measured by the inverse of EEG alpha power). Therefore, individual differences in incentive motivation may reflect asymmetries in dopaminergic systems. We e...

background: hepatitis b with its complications has become one of the universal problems. injection drug use is one of the most important risk factors in the transmission of hepatitis b. therefore, we assessed hepatitis b virus prevalence among cases with a history of intravenous drug use (ivdu) as the first announcement-based study in this regard. materials and methods: the announcement based d...

CONTEXT HIV/AIDS is occurring with increasing frequency in rural areas of the United States, and people living with HIV/AIDS in rural communities report higher levels of perceived stigma than their more urban counterparts. The extent to which stigmatized individuals perceive stigma could be influenced, in part, by prevailing community attitudes. Differences between rural and more metropolitan c...

This study contributes to the understanding of online communities by examining why community members are willing to make active contributions to their community. A model of motivation for such contributions was developed and tested within the context of an online travel community. The results of a factor analysis and a series of reliability tests indicate that the motivation model is valid and ...