Machine learning models have demonstrated vulnerability to adversarial attacks, more specifically misclassification of examples. In this article, we propose a one-off and attack-agnostic Feature Manipulation (FM)-Defense detect purify examples in an interpretable efficient manner. The intuition is that the classification result normal image generally resistant non-significant intrinsic feature ...

We tested the performance of ten commercial mosquito traps with varying attractive features, against three CDC traps (an unlit model 512, an incandescently lit model 512, and a UV lit model 1212) as well as simple sticky paper, for their ability to attract and capture Phlebotomus papatasi in Israel. The commercial traps tested were the Sentinel 360, the Combo Trap, the Mega Catch Premier, the B...

BACKGROUND Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are alternative methods for microscopy in the diagnosis of malaria in resource limited settings. Among commercially available RDTs, CareStart™ Malaria test was found to show reliable results. This study evaluated the performance of CareStart™ Malaria Combo test kit in Northwestern Tigray in Ethiopia. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 320 malari...

Several recent clinical studies have clearly established that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease identifiable since its early phases, a disease that can be adequately and efficaciously treated provided the therapeutic program can be started early on. To reach the aim of controlling effectively the disease and of leading the patients to live a normal life, several points must be fulfilled. T...

The authors investigate consumer, firm, and policy implications of the fast-food marketing practice of bundling a soft drink and French fries with an entrée (i.e., “the combo meal”) and then offering these three items at a discount. The authors first demonstrate that this practice increases the customer’s perceived value of the bundled items. In addition to the traditional economic rationale fo...

Conventional malaria diagnosis based on microscopy raises serious difficulties in weak health systems. Cost-effective and sensitive rapid diagnostic tests have been recently proposed as alternatives to microscopy. In Equatorial Guinea, a study was conducted to assess the reliability of a rapid diagnostic test compared to microscopy. The study was designed in accordance with the directives of th...