In this paper, we study the distribution network design problem integrating transportation and infinite horizon multiechelon inventory cost function. We consider the trade-off between inventory cost, direct shipment cost, and facility location cost in such a system. The problem is to determine how many warehouses to set up, where to locate them, how to serve the retailers using these warehouses...

Cognitive functions that require the prefrontal cortex are highly sensitive to aging in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents, although the neurobiological correlates of this vulnerability remain largely unknown. It has been proposed that dendritic spines represent the primary site of structural plasticity in the adult brain, and recent data have supported the hypothesis that aging is associat...

Incorporating invariances into a learning algorithm is a common problem in machine learning. We provide a convex formulation which can deal with arbitrary loss functions and arbitrary losses. In addition, it is a drop-in replacement for most optimization algorithms for kernels, including solvers of the SVMStruct family. The advantage of our setting is that it relies on column generation instead...

Permanent, perioperative visual loss (POVL) is a rare but devastating complication of surgery. The majority of reported POVL cases are associated with spine surgery conducted in the prone position (67%) (1). POVL appeared to be related to a change in a patient’s retinal and/or optic nerve perfusion (1–3). Our goal was to provide a clinically practical method for measuring intraocular pressure, ...

We consider all models of the thalamo-cortical system that satisfy the following two assumptions: (1) each cortical column is an autonomous oscillator; (2) connections between cortical columns and the thalamus are weak. Our goal is to deduce from these assumptions general principles of thalamo-cortical interactions that are independent of the equations describing the system. We find that the ex...

Many sea urchin genera exhibit cryptic covering behaviors. One such behavior has been documented in the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla, and previous studies have theorized that this behavior serves as protection from UV radiation. However, other hypotheses have been presented such as protection from predators or added weight to help T. gratilla resist strong currents. A field study was conduct...

seven caspian miniature horses, aged above two years, were used for this study. the skeleton of these horses were cleaned and prepared using appropriate techniques. the vertebral column was studied and photographed. the vertebral column in one of these horses showed variations in thoracic, lumbar and sacral region. the vertebral formola was c7, t19,l5,s6 and a pair of 19th rib was fused with th...

investigations were carried out on coal tailings by conventional cell and column flotation techniques. tests were conducted to assess processing coal tailings of alborz markazi coal washing plant in iran by column flotation. the effects of reagent type/dosage were investigated with conventional flotation and their results were used in the performance of column flotation. also the effects of the...

To fully recognize the load-resisting mechanisms of post-tensioned concrete (PC) structures with realistic boundary conditions against disproportionate collapse, four beam-column subassemblies were extracted from a prototype building and side columns joints reproduced to reflect actual condition. The parametric analysis was conducted, including location removed column (middle or penultimate) st...

Cactus plants are prevalent in hot terrain locations. The spines the cactus have an important function preventing water evaporation. strong pointed serve to distribute heat and prevent internal moisture loss owing high heat. This paper addresses biomimicking of a plant reinforced concrete column. Columns one most predominant elements structure responsible for maintaining stability structure. Un...