this paper analyzes the history of russian settlements in the northern provinces of iran in the early 20th century. these settlements developed in what was defined as the russian sphere of influence by the anglo-russian convention of 1907 and, unlike in the caucasus of central asia, preceded a military conquest. russian colonization in iran started as a spontaneous peasant migration in 1907 and...

although america claims to be the savior of the world and itsinvasions of other nations have been justified as attempts to maintain peaceand security, america’s international interventions have not always beenwithout expansionist aims. america considers itself a messianic force on theearth. this moral aloofness has served as a justification for imperialistprojects. in the light of post-colonial...

power. The strength of this book lies in the care with which the definition of colonial medicine is made to interact with the shifting ideologies underpinning the British presence in the Sudan. Colonial encounters are described in a language of accommodated power always modified by the responses and/or collusion of the colonized. In the case of the sleeping sickness camps, authority relied upon...

Today, historical research on health and society in nineteenth-century Australia, as elsewhere, is focused on three main areas: the effects ofparticular epidemic diseases on the social fabric, the politics of public health, and the relationship between living standards, sanitary reform, and mortality. By far the greatest attention has been paid to the first, notably by historical epidemiologist...

The sixteenth century is critical to our reading of Ireland’s subsequent colonial and indeed postcolonial geographies, yet has frequently evaded considered scrutiny for a variety of reasons, including the deficiencies of the evidence. Eschewing assumptions of colonialism as a ‘given’ and informed by postcolonial perspectives in geography and related disciplines, this paper interrogates the init...

This article analyses the impact of the rinderpest animal disease outbreak on human populations in early colonial Zimbabwe. It is informed by the realisation that, while animal diseases may not infect human beings directly, they may cause untold damage to both the health and the economy of human beings and influence human institutions and policies in a variety of ways. By using the rinderpest p...

Levels of economic development vary widely within countries in the Americas. We argue that this variation can be explained by di erences in institutions which in turn have their roots in the colonial era. Colonizers engaged in di erent economic activities in di erent regions of a country, depending on the local conditions and the supply of native labor. Some activities, such as mining and sugar...

Abstract In the Philippines and other developing countries, the skin whitening industry is prolific and expanding among native populations. However, this desire for white skin has dire health repercussions, both physical and psychological. Many researchers in the field of Filipino-American psychology attribute this desire for whiter skin to the American colonial rule of the Philippines, which b...

Within economics, there has been a recent effort to better understand the notion of culture, typically defined as beliefs, values, and norms held by individuals. Empirical work has focused on identifying systematic cultural differences between individuals from different ethnic and national backgrounds. More recently, attention has turned to the historical origins of cultural differences (e.g., ...