Introduction Any person making non-consensual contact with the body of another person may encounter civil and/or criminal liability for that act. There is little doubt that health care professionals are included here, though any liability will normally be civil rather than criminal, with compensation awarded to the wronged patient rather than punishment of the health care provider. Treatment pr...

presently, conflict rules have gone beyond inflexible and purposeless physical connection factors and have approached instrumentalism and economic functions.  this evolution defined as rule utilitarianism in conflict of laws and determination of applicable law to product liability in rome ii regulations in this manner.  protection of consumers in this category has been said to be the foundation...