The languages are disappearing at an alarming rate; half of 7105 plus languages spoken today may disappear by end of this century. When a language becomes extinct, communities lose their cultural identity, practices tied to a language and intellectual wealth. The rapid loss of languages motivates this study. We first introduce collective intelligence, endangered languages, and language revitali...

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This study aims to achieve a semiotic understanding of collective memory of the Iran-Iraq war. For this purpose, samples of images in virtual social networks shared in response to the news of discovery and return of the bodies of more than 175 divers have been analyzed. Visual signs in photographs, cartoons, graphic designs, prints, paintings and posters, in methods of historical pictures and f...

Abstract The status of trade union rights in the EU has been contentious since CJEU sent shockwaves through unions Europe December 2007 with its rulings cases Viking and Laval . In recent Holship ruling, ECtHR challenged these rulings. Contrary to assertion that it is inherent very exercise right take collective action they will be prejudiced a certain degree, stated “the degree which risks hav...

Abstract This article examines how migrants create value through food- and hospitality-related enterprises, focusing on the ways in which they exercise their agency mobilizing various cultural resources organizational practices intersect with identity work. Drawing empirical research conducted São Paulo, Brazil, it explores specific dishes, knowledge of food, recipes, craft skills, migration hi...

Abstract In an effort to reduce transmission and number of infections the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19) virus, governments official bodies around world have produced guidelines on use face masks coverings. While there is a growing body recommendations for healthcare professionals wider population facial protection in “enclosed spaces” where minimal dis...

background: the aim of this study was to examine the effect of aerobic and anaerobic training on anxiety and cortisol hormone secretion levels in the blood of young wrestlers. materials and methods: in this quasi-experimental study, of 200 wrestlers 20 volunteers (ageed 17-20 years) who were selected on the basis of having high levels of anxiety were randomly divided into two groups of 10 each ...

exercise induced asthma (eia) is a transient increase in airway resistance after intensive exercise and can be measured as a decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (fev1). the condition is due to increased training load and inhalation of cold and dry air. several studies have shown that eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea challenge test (evh test) is a very sensitive and specific diagnostic...