Accurate chromosome partitioning during cell division requires that cohesion hold sister chromatids together until kinetochores correctly attach to spindle microtubules. In 1932, Darlington noted that sister-chromatid cohesion distal to the site of exchange also could play a vital role in maintaining the association of chiasmate homologs during meiosis. Cohesion linking a recombinant chromatid ...

Motivated by recent financial crises, significant research efforts have been put into studying contagion effects and herding behaviour in financial markets. Much less has been said regarding the influence of financial news on financial markets. We propose a novel measure of collective behaviour based on financial news on the Web, the News Cohesiveness Index (NCI), and we demonstrate that the in...

Collective animal behaviour is often modeled by systems of agents that interact via effective social forces, including short-range repulsion and long-range attraction. We search for evidence of such effective forces by studying laboratory swarms of the flying midge Chironomus riparius. Using multi-camera stereoimaging and particle-tracking techniques, we record three-dimensional trajectories fo...

A full cross-lagged panel design examined the bidirectional effects of the Big-Five personality dimensions on Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) over 9 months (N = 190 undergraduates). Consistent with the Dual Process Cognitive-Motivational Model, SDO and RWA exhibited markedly different personality bases. Low Agreeableness predicted change in the motivatio...

Social capital has been defined by Robert Putnam in his book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community as “features of social organizations, such as networks, norms and trust, that facilitate action and co-operation for mutual benefit.” Cultural capital, as defined by Pierre Bourdieu, has most often been associated with personal interest in and experience with prestigious cu...

Mechanical forces play an important role in the organization, growth, maturation, and function of living tissues. At the cellular level, the transmission of forces from outside the cell through cell-matrix and cell-cell contacts are believed to control spreading, motility, maturation as well as intracellular signaling cascades that may change many characteristics in cells. We looked at cell pop...

The development of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) capable of supporting training experiences for geographically-distributed team members in shared virtual simulation environment presents considerable challenges. Even human tutors face challenges in developing team cohesion, coordinating roles and assessing contributions. Just as a human tutor might assess collective performance, a team ITS ...

Cohesion was rst developed to predict properties of implementations created from a given design. Unfortunately, cohesion, as originally de ned, could not be objectively assessed, while more recently developed objective cohesion measures depend on code-level information. We show that association-based and slicebased approaches can be used to measure cohesion using only design-level information. ...

Context: Several metrics have been proposed to measure the extent to which class members are related. Connectivity-based class cohesion metrics measure the degree of connectivity among the class members. Objective: We propose a new class cohesion metric that has higher discriminative power than any of the existing cohesion metrics. In addition, we empirically compare the connectivity and non-co...