Despite the fact that the number of neurons in the human brain has been identified in cognitive and neural sciences, the magnitude of human memory capacity is still unknown. This paper reports the discovery of the memory capacity of the human brain, which is in the order of 108432 bits. A cognitive model of the brain is created, which shows that human memory and knowledge are represented by rel...

Referring expressions are used to describe a person, object or event. Different referring expressions can be used to describe the same person or object. For example, to describe a specific person, one could use a full noun phrase (NP) such as the pirate, or a pronoun, such as he. However, in certain discourse contexts using a pronoun would lead to an incorrect interpretation for the listener. A...

An ability to solve complex problems, for which a variety of solution paths are possible, is an important goal in engineering education. While feedback is critical to learning, hand grading of homework rarely provides effective, timely feedback on attempts to solve complex problems. Such feedback is also unfeasible in distance education contexts. A technology, based on the approach of cognitive...

In this paper, we present a cognitive model that simulates the processing of subject pronouns in Italian. The model is implemented in the cognitive architecture ACT-R and uses hierarchically ranked constraints to select the most likely referent of a pronoun. When this model is combined with a measure of accessibility in discourse and a processing time limit imposed by the speed of natural langu...

Models of crowd behavior facilitate analysis and prediction of human group behavior, where people are affected by each other’s presence. Unfortunately, existing models leave many open challenges. In particular, psychology models often offer only qualitative description, while computer science models are often simplistic, and are not reusable from one simulated phenomenon to the next. We propose...

Generating and evaluating alternative hypotheses is an essential component of scientific discovery. Evidence from cognitive psychology shows that testing multiple hypotheses, unfortunately, is not effective unless subjects state the hypotheses explicitly. The presence of multiple hypotheses facilitates the efficient elimination of incorrect hypotheses because it makes the possibility of disconf...

We apply Bayesian data analysis to a structured cognitive model in order to determine the priors that support human generalizations in a simple concept learning task. We modeled 250,000 ratings in a “number game” experiment where subjects took examples of a numbers produced by a program (e.g. 4, 16, 32) and rated how likely other numbers (e.g. 8 vs. 9) would be to be generated. This paper devel...

This article presents a study of the relation between work alienation, continuous improvement, and leadership. Drawing on a general psychological model, I develop a concept ofleadership that effectively reduces employees' tendency toward work alienation by encouraging them and fostering their sense of independence. Empirical data on the effects that this kind of leadership has on the innovative...

This article discusses how a cognitive modelling approach for criminal behaviour can be related to a biological modelling approach. The discussion is illustrated by a case study for the behaviour of three types of violent criminals as known from literature within the area of Criminology. A cognitive model is discussed that can show each of the behaviours of these types of criminals, depending o...