Sequential deposition has been extensively used for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. Nevertheless, fundamental aspects of the kinetics of methylammonium lead iodide perovskite formation remain obscure. We scrutinize the individual stages of the reaction and investigate the crystallization of the lead iodide film, which occurs before the intercalation of methylammonium iodide commences...

The spin-coating method, which is widely used for thin film device fabrication, is incapable of large-area deposition or being performed continuously. In perovskite hybrid solar cells using CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3) (MAPbI(3)), large-area deposition is essential for their potential use in mass production. Prior to replacing all the spin-coating process for fabrication of perovskite solar cells, herein, ...

Today's best perovskite solar cells use a mixture of formamidinium and methylammonium as the monovalent cations. With the addition of inorganic cesium, the resulting triple cation perovskite compositions are thermally more stable, contain less phase impurities and are less sensitive to processing conditions. This enables more reproducible device performances to reach a stabilized power output o...

Perovskite solar cells exhibit improved photovoltaic parameters with increasing perovskite grain size. The larger photocurrent is due to the enhanced absorption efficiency for thicker perovskite layers. The larger open-circuit voltage (VOC ) is ascribed to the reduced trap-assisted recombination for the larger grains. As a result, the power conversion efficiency exceeds 19% at best. Further imp...

Rubidium dicalcium triniobate(V), RbCa(2)Nb(3)O(10), has been synthesized by solid-state reaction and its crystal structure refined from X-ray powder diffraction data using Rietveld analysis. The compound is a three-layer perovskite Dion-Jacobson phase with the perovskite-like slabs derived by termination of the three-dimensional CaNbO(3) perovskite structure along the ab plane. The rubidium io...

Abstract Purpose The soaring demand for cobalt lithium-ion batteries has increased interest in the utilization of non-conventional sources. Such raw materials include complex ores containing minerals such as cobaltite and skutterudite, which, while rare, occur around world, including Finland, Canada, USA. goal this study was to evaluate cradle-to-gate impacts sulfate recovery from unutilized co...

in the present work, we report a suitable approach for the preparation of batio3 nanostructures via the hydrothermal condition using dolapix et85 as surfactant. the powders were investigated by x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning election microscopy (sem), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (edax), field emission transmission electron microscopy (fetem), selected area electron diffraction (saed...

By subjecting amorphous flower-like TiO2 to a facile hydrothermal synthesis in the presence of Sr(2+), garden-like perovskite SrTiO3 superstructures were achieved. The amorphous TiO2 was preformed using ZnO flowers as templates. Different three-dimensional SrTiO3 architectures were coexisted in the garden, including SrTiO3 flowers composed of several hollow sword-shaped petals, many sheet-shape...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been attracted scientific interest due to high performance. Some researchers have suggested anomalous behavior of PSCs to the polarizations due to the ion migration or ferroelectric behavior. Experimental results and theoretical calculations have suggested the possibility of ferroelectricity in organic-inorganic perovskite. However, still no studies have been ...