Concerns regarding metal-on-metal (MoM) bearing couples in total hip arthroplasty are well documented in the literature with cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) toxicity causing a range of both local and systemic adverse reactions. We describe the case of a patient undergoing cardiac transplantation as a direct result of Co and Cr toxicity following a MoM hip replacement. Poor implant positioning led...

The effect of nanomaterials on biota under realistic environmental conditions is an important question. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on how different illumination conditions alter the toxicity of some photocatalytic nanomaterials. We have investigated how environmentally relevant UV-A exposure (intensity 8.50 ± 0.61 W/m(2), exposure dose 9.0J/cm(2)) affected the toxicity of ceriu...

The addition of cobalt was experimentally observed to increase the strength and impact toughness of Cu precipitation hardened steel. In order to understand the mechanism of this strengthening, we studied the effect of cobalt in the bulks and surfaces of bcc Fe and bcc Cu, as well as at the Fe/Cu interface by ab initio density-functional approach. We investigated the cobalt distribution between ...

Monodisperse cobalt nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized via a high-temperature thermal decomposition method in the presence of oleic acid and triphenylphosphine. The as-synthesized NPs are stable against further deep oxidation when they are kept in heptane (C7H16). Time-dependent x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies indicate that the oxidation of the as-synthesized cobalt NPs by air is slow...

In contrast to the majority of related experiments, which are carried out in organic solvents at high temperatures and pressures, cobalt nanowires were synthesized by chemical reduction in aqueous solution with the assistance of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as surfactant under moderate conditions for the first time, while an external magnetic field of 40 mT was applied. Uniform linear cobalt nano...

Cobalt can mimic hypoxia and has been implicated as a cause of lung defects. However, the effect of cobalt on airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells has not been analyzed in detail. In this article, we use primary cultures of ASM cells from rabbit trachea and show that exposure to cobalt chloride causes a rapid increase of the intracellular levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, which is detected...

Hip resurfacing with cobalt-chromium (CoCr) alloy was developed as a surgical alternative to total hip replacement. However, the biological effects of nanoparticles generated by wear at the metal-on-metal articulating surfaces has limited the success of such implants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the combined exposure to CoCr nanoparticles and cobalt ions released fro...

OBJECTIVE While the potential toxicity of metals in humans is a well-established field of research, there are few studies that examine circulating concentrations of metals in large population-based samples. The aim of this study was to analyze levels of heavy metals and trace elements in both whole blood and serum in an elderly population, and to examine if gender, kidney function, haemoglobin ...

Water and sediment samples were collected from 20 location of the Buriganga river of Bangladesh during Summer and Winter 2009 to determine the spatial distribution, seasonal and temporal variation of different heavy metal contents. Sequential extraction procedure was employed in sediment samples for the geochemical partitioning of the metals. Total trace metal content in water and sediment samp...

Cobalt, being essential metal, influences different physiological and enzymatic functions. As cobalt does not accumulate in the body, Co-compounds have relatively low toxicity. The aim of the present study is the effect of complexes of Co(II) with aminoacids - lysine, arginine, histidine and serine on HSV-1 replication. No effect of [O(2)Co(his)(4)].nH(2)O and [O(2)Co(arg)(2)].nH(2)O on HSV-1 i...