The surface of human adenovirus 2 was etched by irradiating intact virions with low-energy (1-keV) Ar+ ions in a Technics Hummer V sputter coater . Viral structures exposed by the etching process were shadowed and then examined in the electron microscope. Periods of etching that were sufficient to reduce the viral diameter by 20 to 30 nm revealed distinct substructural elements in the virion co...

This paper describes a practical method for the fabrication of photomasks, masters, and stamps/molds used in soft lithography that minimizes the need for specialized equipment. In this method, CAD files are first printed onto paper using an office printer with resolution of 600 dots/in. Photographic reduction of these printed patterns transfers the images onto 35-mm film or microfiche. These ph...

For a high coating quality, agglomeration and excessive evaporation of the coating droplets during fluidized bed coating process should be avoided (1-3). This means that the coating process can often only be performed within a narrow operating window. Consequently, the selection of the process conditions and the process control are delicate steps to assure a good coating quality. In spite of be...

Abstract A novel surface-flow filter has been designed to take advantage of a combination both diffusion and lateral flow permeation, since active coatings, even if porous, tend be far less permeable than through-flow constructs. The formation continuous coating layer virtually excludes any fluid transport into the other by planar for gases or capillarity liquids. This study considers additiona...

Doxazosin mesylate (DXM) sustained release pellets were prepared by an extrusion-spheronization and fluid-bed coating technique. The core pellets containing DXM were prepared by extrusion-spheronization technique, and coated by a fluid-bed coater to control the release of DXM. The factors affecting to properties of pellets, such as diluent content, type and coating level of coating agents and p...

This study investigated the interfacial microstructure between gold-coated titanium and low-fusing porcelain. The square surfaces of cast titanium split rods were sputter-coated with gold using a sputter coater at 40 mA for 1,000 seconds. Specimens were prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) by cutting and polishing two pieces of the gold-coated split-rod specimens, which were glue...

In 2004 we reported on a new evaporation set up for uranium-compound targets, basically UF4, for heavy-ion experiments [1]. Since for most experiments in nuclear physics and chemistry targets from metallic uranium would be preferred because side reactions are minimized, we upgraded our high-vacuum coater TF 600 from BOC Edwards© with a magnetron sputtering equipment which is suitable for deposi...

This study evaluated the morphological and chemical composition of the following bone substitutes: cancellous and cortical organic bovine bone with macro and microparticle size ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 mm and 0.25 to 1.0 mm, respectively; inorganic bovine bone with particle size ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 mm; hydroxyapatite with particle size ranging from 0.75 to 1.0 mm; and demineralized freeze-d...