The high lung cancer rate in Xuan Wei, China, is associated with smoky coal use in unvented homes, but not with wood or smokeless coal use. Smoky coal combustion emits higher polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations than wood combustion. This study used DNA adducts as biomarkers for human exposure to PAH from combustion emissions. DNA adducts were determined by enzyme-linked immunos...

Haze weather has become a serious environmental pollution problem which occurs in many Chinese cities. One of the most critical factors for the formation of haze weather is the exhausts of coal combustion, thus it is meaningful to figure out the causation mechanism between urban haze and the exhausts of coal combustion. Based on above considerations, the fault tree analysis (FAT) approach was e...

Designing pulverized coal combustion simulation and visualization systems is still a complex task. The current solutions, such as the commercial CFD packages are focused on the precision of the computation. Our solution is suited to the education and computer graphics area, where the precision does not take the first, but also not the last place. The main factor in our solution utilizes the int...

In the past, acid mine drainage (AMD) associated with coal mining operations and the disposal of coal refuse have been a driving force behind research efforts on the properties of coal combustion products (CCPs) [1]. The results from research over the last 15 years clearly indicate that bulk-blended CCP has the potential to ameliorate AMD production in coal refuse as long as acid-base balance c...

This report describes work completed during the eleventh quarter of a DOE-funded study of mineral transformations and ash deposition during staged combustion. Accomplishments included repairs and improvements to the laboratory combustor, collection of deposits and observation of deposition behavior as a function of operating conditions, and analysis of deposit samples collected under both stage...

The pulp and paper industry, which is a strategic economic sector in Europe, is very demanding in terms of energy and water. The high water consumption results in the generation of large volumes of wastewater, which must be treated to accomplish with regulations. Therefore, sludge is unavoidable generated and its management is a key issue for the pulp and paper industry. Given prohibitions on l...