As part of the USDOE’s Carbon Sequestration Program, we have developed an integrated modeling framework to evaluate the performance and costs of alternative CO2 capture and storage technologies for fossil-fueled power plants, in the context of multi-pollutant control requirements. This model (called the IECM-CS) allows for explicit characterization of the uncertainty or variability in any or al...

arid and semi-arid lands cover around one-third of the world's terrestrial expanse and their widespread plantdistributions provide these areas with a high potential for sequestering carbon. vegetation management for developingshrub or tree species in arid and semi-arid regions is one inexpensive and multi-purpose approach for decreasing co2.this study assessed the potential of carbon sequestrat...

Interactions between the terrestrial nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycles shape the response of ecosystems to global change. However, the global distribution of nitrogen availability and its importance in global biogeochemistry and biogeochemical interactions with the climate system remain uncertain. Based on projections of a terrestrial biosphere model scaling ecological understanding of nitroge...

Natural mineral carbonation can be accelerated using acid and alkali solutions to enhance atmospheric CO2 sequestration, but the production of these solutions needs to be carbon-neutral. A microbial reverse-electrodialysis electrolysis and chemical-production cell (MRECC) was developed to produce these solutions and H2 gas using only renewable energy sources (organic matter and salinity gradien...

CSIR was commissioned by DME to compile a report on the potential for sequestration of carbon dioxide in South Africa in 2004. This report was the first attempt to obtain a picture of this potential. In the paper the main findings of the 2004 report are summarized. In the introduction the background for the study is presented as well as the main goals of the project. The sources and quantities ...

The lack of proper wastewater treatment results in production of CO(2) and CH(4) without the opportunity for carbon sequestration and energy recovery, with deleterious effects for global warming. Without extending wastewater treatment to all urban areas worldwide, CO(2) and CH(4) emissions associated with wastewater discharges could reach the equivalent of 1.91 x 10(5) t(CO2)d(-1) in 2025, with...

Arid ecosystems, which occupy about 35% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface area, are believed to be among the most responsive to elevated [CO2]. Net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) was measured in the eighth year of CO2 enrichment at the Nevada Desert Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) Facility between the months of December 2003– December 2004. On most dates mean daily NEE (24 h) (lmol CO2 m 2 s ) of...