How much electricity does the world really need? Economic theory suggests that electricity demand depends on a number of factors such as per capita income, economic output, supply and cost of electricity. However, formal electricity demand models based on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), population growth and efficiency improvement assumptions may not capture the appropriate variables for response...

Your Grandpa Syd (who I hope won't mind my writing to you in this vein) mentioned that you were thinking about a career in Australia, now that your PhD is out of the way, so I'll give the low-down from an insider's point of view. I'll be quite frank, and what I have to tell you might bruise a few egos, so please try to keep it confidential. Of course there are good things about doing science in...

IntroductIon Knowledge in designing a product or rendering a service does not form a complete and coherent body of knowledge that can be precisely documented or even articulated by a single individual. Rather, it is a form of knowing that exists only through the interaction among various collec-has highlighted a need for the development of a diverse workforce if knowledge creation is to be prom...

d t e r t b a c 1 As of 2010, health care–related expenditures in the U.S. totaled some $2.6 trillion (17.9% of the gross domestic product [GDP]). Year after year, ealthcare spending rises at double the rate of overall DP growth, and total healthcare spending growth conistently outpaces overall inflation. This exuberant rowth would be welcome if health care were thriving ecause of its effıcienc...

We prove that computing the rank of a three-dimensional tensor over any nite eld is NP-complete. Over the rational numbers the problem is NP-hard. Warning: Essentially this paper has beenpublished in Journal of Algorithms and is hence subject to copyright restrictions. It is for personal use only. 1. Introduction. One of the most fundamental quantities in linear algebra is the rank of a matrix....

BACKGROUND Publicly funded healthcare forms an intricate part of government spending in most Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, because of its reliance on entitlements and dedicated revenue streams. The impact of budgetary rules and procedures on publicly funded health care might thus be different from other spending categories. In this study we focus on th...

The most frequently used bases for comparing international health care resources are health care expenditures, measured either as a fraction of gross domestic product (GDP) or per capita. There are several possible reasons for this, including the widespread availability of historic expenditure figures; the attractiveness of collapsing resource data into a common unit of measurement; and the pre...

This article looks at how healthcare IT can save hospitals and health services valuable funding and how these saving compare to the costs involved. The chief barriers to success and possible solutions to these difficulties are outlined. The author also points to the need for government intervention in implementing healthcare IT on a board scale. RICHARD HILLESTAD, PHD SENIOR MANAGEMENT SCIENTIS...

The United States is the richest major country in the world in terms of per capita gross domestic product (GDP). Since longevity is clearly associated with income, America’s older citizens must live longer than their counterparts in other large industrial nations. Right? Wrong! Among the 30 developed countries that comprise the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Ameri...

In Lugano (Switzerland), the OECD Tourism Committee was the first intergovernmental body to examine in-depth the relationship between growth and innovation in the area of tourism. This paper examines the main issues raised during the Lugano Conference: ! Why does tourism in the developed OECD countries urgently need to innovate? ! What factors are preventing the much needed restructuring of the...