نتایج جستجو برای: clinical epidemiology
تعداد نتایج: 1240382 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND The choice of study type is an important aspect of the design of medical studies. The study design and consequent study type are major determinants of a study's scientific quality and clinical value. METHODS This article describes the structured classification of studies into two types, primary and secondary, as well as a further subclassification of studies of primary type. This i...
Global guidelines for new technologies are based on cost and efficacy data from a limited number of trial locations. Country-level decision makers need to consider whether cost-effectiveness analysis used to inform global guidelines are sufficient for their situation or whether to use models that adjust cost-effectiveness results taking into account setting-specific epidemiological and cost het...
1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 2 Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 3 Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY. 4 Department of Family Medicine...
BACKGROUND Sharing of epidemiological and clinical data sets among researchers is poor at best, in detriment of science and community at large. The purpose of this paper is therefore to (1) describe a novel Web application designed to share information on study data sets focusing on epidemiological clinical research in a collaborative environment and (2) create a policy model placing this colla...
IMPORTANCE The discontinuation of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) raises ethical concerns and often wastes scarce research resources. The epidemiology of discontinued RCTs, however, remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and publication history of discontinued RCTs and to investigate factors associated with RCT discontinuation due to poor recruitment and w...
In epidemiological and clinical studies, time-to-event data often violate the assumptions of Cox regression due to the presence of time-dependent covariate effects and unmeasured risk factors. An alternative approach, which does not require proportional hazards, is to use a first hitting time model which treats a subject's health status as a latent stochastic process that fails when it reaches ...
1 Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, 2 Respiratory Epidemiology & Clinical Research Unit, Montreal Chest Institute, Montreal, Canada, 3 Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Department of Health, Ethics and Society/Caphri, Faculty of Health, Medicine a...
Reports in the scientific and lay press on the current evidence from epidemiological and clinical trials for the benefit of lowering blood cholesterol often appear to be at variance. In May 1993 the British Hyperlipidaemia Association held a symposium at the Royal College of Physicians' to establish where there was agreement and to produce guidelines to identify people who might live longer as ...
The concepts and methods of the branches of epidemiology, particularly clinical epidemiology, likely have much to offer the discipline of theriogenology. As with theriogenology, epidemiologic methods evolve when technological innovation enables new approaches to old problems. The recent emergence from clinical epidemiology of the evidence-based medicine paradigm in human medicine and the associ...
Epidemiology is the study of large numbers of individuals to ascertain incidence, life expectancy, prevalence, time trends, preceding and associated illnesses, and other factors in a disease. Contrasted to laboratory studies in which the experimental conditions can be controlled, epidemiology examines natural events that may have been influenced by health care, economic, and social factors. Epi...
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