The recently developed Bayesian multinomial calibration model, Bummer, was applied to the fossil chironomid assemblages of a lake situated at the present tree-line in northern Fennoscandia to reconstruct patterns in Holocene climates. The results are compared with inferences derived using non-Bayesian weighted averaging partial least-squares regression. The reconstruction exhibits both long-ter...

A new method for frequency analysis of hydrologic time series was developed to facilitate the estimation and reconstruction of individual or groups of frequencies from hydrologic time-series and facilitate the comparison of these isolated time-series components across data types, between different hydrologic settings within a watershed, between watersheds, and across frequencies. While climate-...

A collection of subfossil wood of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) was exposed to X-ray densitometry. The collection of 64 samples from the southern boreal forest zone was dendrochronologically cross-dated to A.D. 673-1788. Growth characteristics were determined by performing density profiles including the following parameters: minimum density, earlywood and latewood boundary density, maximum dens...

BACKGROUND Seasonal changes and climatic factors like ambient temperature, sunlight duration and rainfall can influence suicidal behavior. METHODS This study analyses the relationship between seasonal changes and climatic variations and suicide attempts in 2131 young patients in Istanbul, Turkey. RESULTS In our study sample, there was an association between suicide attempts in youths and se...

Climate varies, both temporally and spatially, and the focus of the body of palaeoclimatic research has been to characterize and explain this variation. What has emerged is a view of climate as a multi-component system that varies across a range of temporal and spatial scales. Imbedded in these variations are some characteristic features such as trends, abrupt changes, periodicities, and the fo...

The feasibility of measuring terrestrial heat flow in lakes has been investigated in Lake Superior. The temperature gradient and thermal conductivity of the sediment were measured at each of four stations in water depths exceeding 250 meters. Consideration of the effects of climatic variations suggests that they may not seriously affect the values for heat flow obtained by this method. The valu...

This paper presents a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) using fuzzy logic for a PV grid connected system. Since the PV array characteristic is hardly nonlinear, conventional control technics could be inefficient for an optimal use of these systems. Knowing that PV systems are still very expensive, therefore a fuzzy logic controller is proposed to ensure the transfer of the maximam power to the...

of these differences may be attributed to climatic factors (Is). However, within seasons between adjacent fields, different sucrose concentrations have been measured. Some of these differences may be attributed to variations in early plant growth and N uptake by the sugarbeet plant (16). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of several rates and times of N fertilizer applicatio...

Ultraviolet radiation spectral irradiance was measured at different altitudes on horizontal and tilted planes in different azimuth directions on cloudless days in Austria, in March 2010, within the Impact of Climatic and Environmental factors on Personal Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure project framework. The presented results demonstrate variations of the UVB, UVA and biologically effective spec...

Globalization and climate change are important phenomena in a changing world. To date, only the effect of globalisation on infectious diseases, from vector-borne to respiratory infections, has been well established. The influence of cyclic natural climatic events and local variations in temperature and precipitation has also been recognised; however, there is still no conclusive evidence of an ...