Studying natural variability of climate is a topic of intensive research in climatology. In our earlier research, we have extended the classical technique of rotated Principal Components, or Empirical Orthogonal Functions, by introducing the concept of “interesting structure” for massive sets of spatio-temporal climate measurements. In our case, the goal of exploratory analysis is to find signa...

introduction long-term climate records are valuable for environmental planning, and tree rings allow records to extend to the time before the establishment of weather stations. for a better understanding of the past climate fluctuation and to mitigate the effect of climate fluctuation, dendroclimatic reconstructions have been applied in many parts of the world. inter annual variations of climat...

A recent temperature reconstruction of global annual temperature shows Early Holocene warmth followed by a cooling trend through the Middle to Late Holocene [Marcott SA, et al., 2013, Science 339(6124):1198-1201]. This global cooling is puzzling because it is opposite from the expected and simulated global warming trend due to the retreating ice sheets and rising atmospheric greenhouse gases. O...

This article addresses the nature and challenge of adaptation in the context of global climate change. The complexity of "climate change" as threat, environmental stressor, risk domain, and impacting process with dramatic environmental and human consequences requires a synthesis of perspectives and models from diverse areas of psychology to adequately communicate and explain how a more psycholo...

This paper critically examines the perceived threat of ‘climate refugees’ and ‘climate conflict’. It locates the ideological roots of these concepts in development theories and policy narratives about demographically induced migration, environmental refugees and environmental security. While alarmist rhetoric around climate refugees and conflict has been deployed by a variety of actors, includi...

Fossil pollen is a widespread proxy for past vegetation that is used for paleoclimatic reconstruction, but the limits of its utility are not well known. Newer methods for climate reconstruction (CR) using machine learning techniques may improve the abilities of CR techniques, but little is known about model accuracy under conditions of non-analogue vegetation known to have occurred in the past....