We investigated the anticancer mechanisms of the ethylacetate (EtOAc) fraction from Orostachys japonicus in human gastric cancer (AGS) cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the number of total apoptotic cells following treatment with the EtOAc fraction increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the cell cycle analyses, the EtOAc fraction increased the peak in the sub-G1, indicating apopto...

Abstract Background Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) plays an important role in mediating inflammatory responses during ischemic stroke. Bile acid Takeda-G-protein-receptor-5 (TGR5) has been identified as component regulating brain responses. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of TGR5 alleviating neuroinflammation after ...

Mitochondria play important roles in regulating cell bioenergetics status and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. ROS-induced mitochondrial damage is among the main intracellular signal inducers of autophagy. Autophagy a cellular catabolic process that regulates protein organelle turnover, while selective form autophagy, mitophagy, specifically targets dysfunctional degradation. This stud...

We demonstrate here that both procaspase-3 (32 kDa) and PARP are calpain substrates. In calcium-channel opener maitotoxin-treated cells, a 30 kDa caspase-3 fragment is produced in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Formation of this fragment is prevented by calpain inhibitors but not by the pancaspase inhibitor, carbobenzoxy-Asp-CH(2)OC(O)-2,6-dichlorobenzene (Z-D-DCB) nor the selective...

Abstract Schiff base compounds and their metal complexes have become important synthetic organic drugs due to extensive biological activities, which include anticancer, antibacterial antiviral effects. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic apoptotic effects of VALD-3, a ligand synthesized from o-vanillin derivatives, on human breast cancer cells possible underlying mechanisms. 3-(4,5-Dim...

Diabetic vascular complications result from high-glucose induced vascular endothelial cell dysfunction. There is an emerging need for novel drugs with vascular endothelial cell protective effects for the treatment of diabetic vascular complications. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of α-mangostin against high-glucose induced apoptosis of cultured human umbilical vein...

We have previously shown microarchitectural tissue changes with cellular modifications in osteocytes following high chronic alcohol dose. The aim of this study was to assess the dose effect of alcohol consumption on the cytoskeleton activity, the cellular lipid content and modulation of differentiation and apoptosis in osteocyte. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Control (C), Alc...

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of baicalin on the expression of miR-497 and its target B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in the hippocampus of kainic acid (KA)-induced epileptic mice. To establish status epilepticus (SE), 0.1 µg/5 µl KA was injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle in mice, which then received an intraperitoneal injection of baicalin (100 mg/kg) after 1 and...