The Implicit Association Test (JAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) provides a flexible measure of the automatic associations underlying implicit prejudice. Results of three experiments showed strong evidence of implicit prejudices based on religious ethnicity (Jewish vs. Christian), age (young vs. old), and nationality (American vs. Soviet). Subjects responded more rapidly to tasks that o...

Identity is a central concept in the social sciences. In this study, we present a laboratory experiment that measures the effects of induced group identity on participant social preferences. We find that when participants are matched with an ingroup member (as opposed to an outgroup member) they show a 47% increase in charity concerns when they have a higher payoff and a 93% decrease in envy wh...

Nine hundred eighty species belonging to 182 genera of 15 subfamilies of the family Dolichopodidae were investigated to study antennal morphology. Length measurements of scape, pedicel, postpedicel and arista and height measurements of postpedicel bases were performed, and 4 ratios were selected. Use of morphometric characteristics of Dolichopodidae antennae allows meaningful distinctions betwe...

Ornithischian dinosaur body fossils are extremely rare in Triassic rocks worldwide, and to date the majority of such fossils consist of isolated teeth. Revueltosaurus is the most common Upper Triassic ornithischian dinosaur and is known from Chinle Group strata in New Mexico and Arizona. Historically, all large (>1 cm tall) and many small ornithischian dinosaur teeth from the Chinle have been r...

A cladistic analysis of the genus Melanophora Meigen, 1803 (type-species: Musca grossificationis Linnaeus, 1758 [= Musca roralis Linnaeus, 1758]) is presented and the generic delimitation is critically redefined. The nominal genusgroup taxon Bequaertiana Curran, 1929 (type-species: Bequaertiana argyriventris Curran, 1929) is synonymised with Melanophora Meigen syn. nov. The following new combin...

Bruno Maresca Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Salerno Fisciano, Salerno, Italy [email protected] Abstract Although molecular systematists may use the terminology of cladism, claiming that the reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships is based on shared derived states (synapomorphies), the latter is not the case. Rather, molecular systematics is (largely) based on the assu...

Nambaroo bullockensis sp. nov. is a structurally primitive macropodoid from the Bullock Creek Local Fauna of the Camfield Beds of the Northern Territory, Australia. This species extends the range of Nambaroo from the late Oligocene or early Miocene up to the middle Miocene. Despite its young age, N. bullockensis retains many features thought to be plesiomorphic for macropodoids. Cladistic analy...

Recent events have catapulted biological weapons to the forefront of public attention. Although government and other agencies responded rapidly to many aspects of the threat, people were dismayed to discover the uncertainties involved in identifying different strains of pathogens. Clearly, much diverse information, ranging from soil microbiology to genetically engineered sequences in the genome...

Genomic retrotransposons are major genomic components in most eukaryotic organisms. Their abundance in the genome is generally correlated with genome size. These elements spread throughout the genome by a process termed retro-transposition consisting of transcription, reverse transcription and reinsertion of the copied element into a new genomic location. The target sites are relatively unspeci...

The phylogenetic relationships of the genera, subgenera and species-groups of the Vespinae are analysed using cladistic techniques. The results are used as the basis for a natural classification of these wasps. The cladogram for the four genera recognized is: Vespa + .cProvespa + (Dolichovespula + Vespula)). No subgenera are recognized; all those previously described are synonymized with the ap...