Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) has traditionally been used for treating influenza and colds. We evaluated the antiviral effect of concentrated juice of elderberry (CJ-E) on the human influenza A virus (IFV). CJ-E had a relatively strong effect on IFV-infected mice, although its anti-IFV activity was weak in a cell culture system. The in vivo anti-IFV activities of the fractions were determined ...

Effects of high temperature pretreatment and inoculation Bacillus coagulans were determined relative to the physicochemical properties bacterial community aerobic composting chicken manure. Chicken manure was pretreated with for 0 h (CJ), 0.5 (T-0.5h), 1.0 (T-1.0h), 1.5 (T-1.5h), 2.0 (T-2.0h) then inoculated B. coagulans. without included as control (CK). The results showed that in CJ, T-0.5h, ...

We study the asymptotic stability of a plane CJ detonation wave under the assumption of small resolved heat release (SRHR). We prove that the solution exists globally and that the solution converges uniformly to a shifted CJ detonation wave as t! + 1 for initial data which are small perturbations of the CJ detonation wave. The weighted energy method is used to overcome the diiculty arising from...

Twentieth-century theoretical developments in four categories are reviewed: theories of individual differences in offending, theories of variation in offending through the lifecycle, theories of diversity of crime rates among social entities, and theories of differences among social situations in criminal outcomes. The essay notes temporal changes and shows integrative trends and cross-fertiliz...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Malpractice claims pertaining to rhinological procedures are a potentially important source of information that could be used to minimize the risk of future litigation and improve patient care. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective review of a publicly available database containing jury verdicts and settlements. METHODS The LexisNexis Jury Verdicts and Settlements database was ...