Cortical circuits are thought to multiplex firing rate codes with temporal codes that rely on oscillatory network activity, but the circuit mechanisms that combine these coding schemes are unclear. We establish with optogenetic activation of layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex that theta frequency drive to this circuit is sufficient to generate nested gamma frequency oscillations in synapt...

A simple scheme is given for the realization of a voltage mode three-output sinusoidal oscillator (VMTOSO). Using this scheme a negative type second generation current conveyor, [CCII(-)]-based VMTOSO is realized. The [CCII(-)]-based VMTOSO is then transformed into a multioutput current conveyor [MOCCII]-based voltage mode eight-phase sinusoidal oscillator (VMEPSO) by replacing all the CCII(-) ...

This paper interests to the properties of fault-tolerant control system with respect to reliability of components. The aim of this paper is to present the need of reliability analysis in fault-tolerant control design. The focus of our study is on the reconfigurability analysis of systems with actuator faults under reliability constraints. This analysis proves that control reconfigurability is a...

This paper is a sequel to a study by the authors of electric power systems comprising the generator circuit-breakers (GCBs) at power plant generator terminals. A sustainable assessment of the current interruption requirements of a GCB addresses the main stresses on the generator circuit breaker, revealing that the GCB current interruption requirements are significantly higher than for the distr...

Microwave oscillator design generally represents a complex problem. Depending on the technical requirements of the oscillator, it is necessary to define the configuration of the oscillation system and transistor type, evaluate and measure smalland large-signal parameters of the transistor equivalent circuit and use an appropriate nonlinear simulator to calculate the oscillator electrical and sp...

BACKGROUND High frequency oscillation is a safe and effective treatment for patients with ARDS, but poses a patient and caregiver risk when the circuit is disconnected. We modified the circuit to include a heated expiratory filter, eliminating the need for daily filter changes due to buildup of condensate. The purpose of the study was to determine if substitution of the filter resulted in a cl...

In modern wireless communication systems, cross-coupled oscillators have been preferred over other topologies for monolithic integrated circuit implementation because they are easily realized using CMOS technology and differential circuitry. However, because the current-source transistor is top or tail located, to improve the phase noise performance, it is necessary to use the special filtering...

We characterized fire history and examined climate–fire relationships in dry ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in the Zuni Mountains of northwestern New Mexico. Our findings indicate that the historical wildfire regime for the study area was typified by high-frequency, low-severity surface fires. Climate–wildfire relationships were assessed using both Superposed Epoch Analysis (SEA) and ...