Passiflora species were known by their anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of the most active leaf extract of Passiflora caerulea L. grown in Egypt. The ethanolic extract of the leaves exhibited higher activity than aqueous extract as anticonvulsant (63% potency relative to carbamazepine), analgesic (70% potency r...

The relationship between chemical structure and gut microbial degradation rates of 14 flavonoids, flavone, apigenin, chrysin, naringenin, kaempferol, genistein, daidzein, daidzin, puerarin, 7,4‘-dihydroxyflavone, 6,4‘dihydroxyflavone, 5,4‘-dihydroxyflavone, 5,3‘-dihydroxyflavone, and 4‘-hydroxyflavone, was investigated by anaerobically fermenting the flavonoids with human gut microflora (n = 11...

The flavonoids present in beeswax produced in “La Alcarria” region were analyzed by HPLC. Pinocembrin, pinobanksin, pinobanksin 3-acetate, chrysin, galangin and techtochrysin were detected as the main flavonoid constituents. This is the first detailed report on the flavonoids o f beeswax. These substances are already present when wax scales are secreted by bees. The same flavonoid compounds wer...

In young plants of Eucalyptus globulus the leaves are covered with a whitish epicuticular layer. This leaf wax contains small amounts of C-methylated flavones as aglycones. A novel flavone has now been identified as 5,4'-dihydroxy, 7-methoxy, 6-methyl-flavone (8-desmethyl-sideroxylin). Another minor external flavone is chrysin. On leaves of E. sieberi the flavanone pinocembrin could be detected...

1. Flavonoids produced a concentration-dependent relaxation of the contractile responses induced by noradrenaline, KCl, or phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate in rat aortic rings. Only the flavonoid with three contiguous hydroxyls in B rings (myricetin), at low concentrations, potentiates the contractions evoked by these agonists. 2. The relaxant effects of flavanone on the noradrenaline-induced co...

The CHCl3-soluble extract of Piper guanacastensis (Piperaceae) was found to have noteworthy insecticidal activity to Aedes atropalpus mosquito larvae (LC50 80.5 micrograms/mL). Bioassay-guided fractionation afforded methyl 4-hydroxy-3-(3'-methyl-2'-butenyl)benzoate (1) as the major bioactive constituent (LC50 20.5 micrograms/mL). The separation of compound 1 from its transesterification artifac...

Flavonoids and related structures (e.g., flavones, isoflavones, flavanones, catechins) exert various biological effects, including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant and (anti-)estrogenic effects, and modulation of sex hormone homeostasis. A key enzyme in the synthesis of estrogens from androgens is aromatase (cytochrome P450 19; CYP19). We investigated the effects of various natural and synthetic f...

Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are important parasitic diseases affecting millions of people in Africa, Asia, and South America. In a previous study, we identified several flavonoid glycosides as antiprotozoal principles from a Turkish plant. Here we surveyed a large set of flavonoid aglycones and glycosides, as well as a panel of other related compounds of phenolic and phenylpropanoid natur...