background: hearing loss due to chronic otitis media is common. the purpose of this study was to evaluate hearing before and after canal wall up, canal wall down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty. methods: from 2004 to 2007, all patients with chronic otitis media who were admitted at the department of otolaryngology, babol medical university were studied. for 126 patients' canal wall up, can...

introduction: the aim of this study was to evaluate the condition of the ossicular chain in patients requiring surgery for cholesteatoma.  materials and methods: in a retrospective analysis, the destruction of the individual and combined bony structures of the ear was described in 166 patients with cholesteatoma who went through surgery in our otology center between 2003 and 2009.  results: tot...

sarcopenia and physical inactivity synergistically progress in patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd) and are strong predictors of mortality in this population. exercise training and essential amino acids and vitamin d supplements may contribute to improving sarcopenia and physical inactivity in ckd patients.

objectives the present study aimed to compare the efficacy rate of avfs using two different anastomosis methods; side to side (sts) versus end to side (ets) and to determine whether the different approaches render any preferences or complications. background in candidate patients for permanent hemodialysis or dialysis on a regular basis, an appropriate vascular access has great importance. the ...

the quality of life (qol) has been de.ned as ‘‘a person’s sense of well-being that stems from satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the areas of life that are important to him/her’’.  age was also signi.cantly associated with several functional limitations such as illness, and physical restrictions. the concept of ‘‘resilience’’ refers to successful adaptation that unfolds within a context of si...

introduction: in developing countries, chronic otitis media (com) and cholesteatoma are relatively prevalent.  within the field of otology, com surgery remains one of the most common surgical treatments. most recent studies evaluating the potential prognostic factors in com surgery have addressed graft success rate and types of middle ear and mastoid pathology. there has been much controversy a...

background: patients with end stage renal disease have higher incidence of infection dis-eases that is thought to be related to impaired immune system. objective: to determine the antitetanus igg antibody level in iranian hemodialysis patients with end stage renal disease and to find its association with sex, age, blood hemoglobin, serum albumin, dura-tion of dialysis, time of dialysis per week...

this study was aimed to determine prevalence of vitamin d deficiency and rickets in children with cholestatic liver diseases. forty eight children with established cholestatic liver disease who referred to gastrointestinal clinic of children medical center (tehran, iran) between april 2010 and march 2011 were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. laboratory analysis including calcium, phosphate,...