background: chronic kidney disease is a progressive and irreversible loss of renal function. anemia is one of the main complications of end-stage renal disease (esrd) which is linked closely with other complications of the disease. the primary therapy for anemia in these patients is erythropoietin (epo). the goal of this study was to find the effect of vitamin d administration in addition to th...

background: sulfur mustard (sm) has acute and chronic effects on skin and mucosal surfaces. the aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of esophagitis in a historical cohort of veterans who had been exposed to sm in iran-iraq war nearly 25 years ago.   methods : one hundred two veterans with dyspepsia and/or heartburn underwent esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy. of them, 52 cases had been exp...

Crohn disease (CD) and UI-cerative Colitis (UC) are characterized by ulcerative lesions of the bowel. Some patients show similar lesions of the skin or oral and/or perianal mucosa. Sometimes these lesions, or some other skin lesions are the first sign of bowel disease. Dermatologists could suspect an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) during skin lesions such as pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) or eryth...

INTRODUCTION The Montenegro skin test reaction and leishmaniasis lesions share fundamental characteristics of a delayed type hypersensitivity reaction. OBJECTIVES To determine whether the Montenegro skin test reaction (response to leishmanin) might approximate and thereby provide insight into the early inflammatory and immune response to Leishmania infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compar...

the pathergy phenomenon (pp) is one of the hallmarks of behcet's disease (bd). it has been reported to be positive from 17.5% to 83% of cases in different studies. pp is used as a diagnosis criterion in the dilsen criteria, the japan criteria, the international criteria, and the iran criteria. it is therefore important to know wether pp is a fix manifestation of the disease or a cyclic manifest...

Crohn's disease is a chronic granulomatous disorder, which may involve any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Although extraintestinal manifestations are frequent, involvement of skin distant to the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon. We report a case of Crohn's disease affecting penile and scrotal skin.

Abstract Diabetes is a common disease that potentially interferes with healing processes after lower limb trauma. In our presented case trimalleolar ankle fracture undiscovered serious soft-tissue injuries resulted in chronic complications diabetic patient, requiring three and half months of hospitalization higher level center the application state-of-the-art wound treatment, including vacuum-a...

BACKGROUND The mechanisms responsible for the variable manifestations of chronic cutaneous graft-vs-host disease (cGVHD) are poorly understood. Localization of sclerotic-type chronic graft-vs-host disease to sites of skin injury (isomorphic and isotopic responses), a recognized phenomenon in morphea, suggests a potential common pathway between cGVHD and other sclerotic skin conditions. OBSERV...

Pityriasis rubra pilaris is a rare chronic inflammatory papulo-squamous skin disease, the pathogenesis of which still unclear. The pathological essence disease associated with violation keratinization against background hyperactivity keratinocytes subsequent inflammation, as well vitamin A dysmetabolism and weakening protein-binding fiction liver. Unfortunately, treatment complex inconsistent i...