BACKGROUND Hypophosphatasia (HP) is characterized by a genetic defect in the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) gene and predominantly an autosomal recessive trait. HP patients suffer from reduced bone mineralization. Biochemically, elevated concentrations of substrates of TNSALP, including pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and inorganic pyrophosphate occur in serum, tissues and urine. The l...

A 3 year old girl presented with a limp and a hot, swollen ankle. X-Ray showed active osteomyelitis. ESR > 60 mm/ hr, Hb 11.3 g/dl, WCC 7.9 × 109/L, Platelets 808 × 109/L. Intravenous antibiotics were commenced. One week later, the left ankle became swollen, X-Ray showed osteomyelitis. Bone scan showed several areas of increased uptake, right femoral neck, both knees, both ankles, and scapula. ...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169687.].

We have studied retrospectively a series of 10 children presenting with chronic multifocal osteomyelitis (8 girls, 2 boys, 7 to 16 years). All patients had plain films, bone scintigraphies and histological studies. Three had CT scan and/or MRI. compared with literature data, we observed only one case of palmoplantar pustulosis and only 2 cases of lysis of the medial extremity of the clavicle; i...

OBJECTIVE To report three cases of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of the mandible, an inflammatory disease affecting one or more bones with absence of isolated microorganisms in affected areas. DESCRIPTION The first case is a 13 year-old female presenting with pain and fever after dental treatment. The patient received antibiotic treatment for osteomyelitis, but developed progress...