Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) instruments typically cover a q (scattering vector) range from 0.001 to 0.6 A(-1). This range in q is achieved through a combination of cold neutrons (lambda>4 A) and a highly collimated beam. However, as a direct result of the unavailability of a cold source at the Canadian Neutron Beam Centre (CNBC), we have resorted to adapting a triple-axis spectrometer...

Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) is often used as a versatile tool for the contactless and destruction-free investigation of nano-structured surfaces. However, due to the shallow incidence angles, the footprint of the X-ray beam is significantly elongated, limiting GISAXS to samples with typical target lengths of several millimetres. For many potential applications, the p...

4 Analysis of Small Angle Scattering Data 10 4.1 Model Independent Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.1.1 The Scattering Invariant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.1.2 Porod Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.1.3 Guinier Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Visual object recognition is often assumed to be insensitive to changes in retinal position, leading to theories and formal models incorporating position-independent object representations. However, recent behavioral and physiological evidence has questioned the extent to which object recognition is position independent. Here, we take a computational and physiological perspective to review the ...

The postoperative course of 309 eyes subjected to trabeculectomy has been studied over a 7-year period. The results have been compiled with regard to effectiveness to maintain a normal range of intraocular pressure with and without postoperative medication. The figures have been assessed in toto and for 3 groups of glaucoma, namely, open angle, chronic angle-closure, and acute angle-closure. Re...

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a powerful method for obtaining quantitative structural information on the size and shape of proteins, and it is increasingly used in kinetic studies of folding and association reactions. In this minireview, we discuss recent developments in using SAXS to obtain structural information on the unfolded ensemble and early folding intermediates of proteins usi...

Trabeculectomy surgery is the current standard of care in glaucoma for achieving a low target intraocular pressure if medical therapy is not adequate. Augmentation of trabeculectomy with antimetabolites brought a revolutionary change in the long-term success rates of trabeculectomy, but along with it came a plethora of complications. There still is a big window for therapeutic innovations on th...

The diurnal curves of 21 patients (40 eyes) with angle-closure glaucoma and of 21 normotensive subjects (42 eyes) were studied. The patients with angle-closure glaucoma had a V-shaped diurnal curve that was completely different from the diurnal curve of the normotensive subjects. Most of the eyes of the patients with angle-closure glaucoma had a diurnal change of the intraocular pressure of 8 m...

A topological surface state that is protected physically under the Bi2Te3-like five-layer block has been revealed on the Pb-based topological insulator (TI) PbBi4Te7 by bulk sensitive angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). Furthermore, conservation of the spin polarization of the hidden topological surface states is directly confirmed by bulk-sensitive spin ARPES observation. This f...

Image fusion is a useful tool in integrating a high-resolution panchromaticimage (HRPI) with a low-resolution multispectral image (LRMI) to produce a highresolutionmultispectral image (HRMI). To date, many image fusion techniques have beendeveloped to try to improve the spatial resolution of the LRMI to that of the HRPI with itsspectral property reliably preserved. However, many studies have in...