A fast headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography method for micro-volume (0.1 mL) samples was optimized for the analysis of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in aqueous and biological samples. It includes liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME), derivatization of the acids to their methyl esters using sulfuric acid and methanol after evaporation, followed by headspace solid-phase microextract...

An innovative haloacetic acid (HAA) removal process was developed. The process consisted of a zero-valent iron (Fe(0)) column followed by a biologically active carbon (BAC) column that were efficient in degrading tri- and di-HAAs, and mono- and di-HAAs, respectively. The merit of the process was demonstrated by its performance in removing trichloroacetic acid (TCAA). An empty bed contact time o...

The aim of this study was to modify the sago starch and evaluate its efficacy as tablet disintegrant. Cross-linked carboxymethylated sago starch (CMSS) was synthesized using native sago starch (SS) and monochloroacetic acid (MCA) with sodium hydroxide in microwave radiation environment. FT-IR analysis of the sample confirmed the carboxymethylation by showing absorption peak at 1607.2 cm. CMSS w...

The synthesis of a series of new 4-amino-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole(4H)-3-yl thioacetanilides and 4-pyrrolyl-5-alkyl-1,2,4-triazole(4H)-3-yl thioacetanilides has been described in the article. The key intermediates – 4-amino-5-alkyl-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles(4H) 4a-c were synthesized started from the corresponding carboxylic acids (acetic, propanoic and butanoic) after their esterification followe...

Vinylidene chloride (VDC) is a groundwater and drinking water contaminant. Monochloroacetic acid (MCA) is a chlorination by-product of drinking water. Because environmental or occupational exposure to chemicals takes place at low concentrations, a sensitive in vitro system of liver slices was used to examine the interactive toxicity of MCA and VDC. Liver slices from Sprague-Dawley rats were exp...

Background and Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the microleakage of cervical res-torations with the use of a one-step self-etch adhesive after application of three differ-ent hemostatic agents. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 96 cervical cavities were prepared on 24 intact and 24 demineralized teeth. Forty-eight class V cavities with sound tooth substrate were assigned to group...