OBJECTIVE To assess trends in the nutritional quality of hospital menus and examine differences between menus used in hospitals with cook-chill or cook-fresh food services. DESIGN Standard patient menus were analysed against 28 criteria to assess nutritional standards and compared with results from similar studies in 1986 and 1993. SETTING Menus were collected from 80 hospitals in New South...

A study was conducted to investigate the bacteriological impact of using different volumes of water during immersion chilling of broiler carcasses. Market-aged broilers were processed, and carcasses were cut into left and right halves along the keel bone immediately after the final bird wash. One half of each carcass pair was individually chilled at 4 degrees C in a separate bag containing eith...

To protect cells from the damaging effects of environmental stresses, all organisms possess a universal stress response involving upregulation of heat shock proteins (Hsps). The mechanisms underlying chilling injuries and the subsequent recovery phase are only beginning to be understood in insects. Hsp22 and Hsp23 are both upregulated during the recovery from prolonged chill coma in Drosophila ...

Bud endodormancy in woody plants plays an important role in their perennial growth cycles. We previously identified a MADS box gene, DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED MADS box6 (PmDAM6), expressed in the endodormant lateral buds of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume), as a candidate for the dormancy-controlling gene. In this study, we demonstrate the growth inhibitory functions of PmDAM6 by overexpressing it in t...