To the Editor: Free-range domestic ducks can be a key factor in regional spreading of Asian subtype H5N1 avian infl uenza (AI) virus (1–3). Even asymptomatic domestic ducks can shed the virus continuously from the oral cavity and cloaca (3–5). Therefore, early detection of infected ducks that are shedding the virus would reduce the risk of spreading AI virus (H5N1) in a region where the virus h...

1 1i 1T 1 F"" What happens when an industry's by-product turns out to be as valuable as its primary products? The poultry industry may be about to find out. Scientists are exploring new methods for turning the industry's excess fluff into products ranging from notepaper to auto body parts to high-quality animal feed, saving trees and replacing man-made materials in the process. The National Chi...

nitroimidazole compounds have been traditionally used in the veterinary and human medicine, but their uses are sometimes associated with some side effects. toxicopathological effects of nitroimidazoles have always been a major concern. there is scant information available about the pathological alterations of nitroimidazole compounds in the embryo. the objective of this study was to determine t...

To accomplish regenerative medicine, several critical issues in stem cell biology have to be solved, including the identification of sources, the expanding population, building them into organs, and assimilating them to the host. Although many stem cells can now differentiate along certain lineages, knowledge on how to use them to build organs lags behind. Here we focus on topobiological events...