The fabrication and performance of an ultra-thin-film integrated gas sensor for detecting impurities in semiconductor process gases are described. Detector responses are based on gas-induced resistance changes in an ultra-thin Ti-P film mounted on a thin dielectric window supported by a silicon rim. The window temperature can be shifted several hundred degrees Celsius in less than one second. G...

For some time, the theoretical result for the transition temperature of a dilute three-dimensional Bose gas in an arbitrarily wide harmonic trap has been known to first order in the interaction strength. We extend that result to second order. The first-order result for a gas trapped in a harmonic potential can be computed in mean field theory (in contrast to the first order result for a uniform...

Brown dwarfs and giant gas planets are substellar objects whose spectral appearance is determined by the chemical composition of the gas and the solids/liquids in the atmosphere. Atmospheres of substellar objects possess two major scale regimes: large-scale convective motions + gravitational settling and small-scale turbulence + dust formation. Turbulence initiates dust formation spot-like on s...

We present an unusual case of chlorobenzylidenemalonitrile (CS) tear-gas exposure from the unwitting discharge of a personal-protection handgun loaded with CS gas. The gun was in a bag of toys purchased from a local thrift store and was discharged by a child. The responding paramedic presumptively identified the substance as CS based solely on personal experience. This recognition led to subopt...

For some time, the theoretical result for the transition temperature of a dilute three-dimensional Bose gas in an arbitrarily wide harmonic trap has been known to first order in the interaction strength. We extend that result to second order. The first-order result for a gas trapped in a harmonic potential can be computed in mean field theory (in contrast to the first order result for a uniform...

This paper presents a chemical species transport model to account for variable composition and gas properties along the flow path in internal combustion engines. It is described the numerical solution to adapt the gas dynamic model to chemical species transport in boundary conditions by means of the Method of Characteristics and in volumes by means of a filling and emptying model. The performan...

At the present theoretical study, DFT calculations were performed for elucidating thereaction, absorption energy and the quantum molecular descriptors including electronic chemical potential, chemical hardness, Homo, Lumo, band gap energy (Eg) and finding the most active nitrogen-doped graphene sheet (N-G) for absorption H2S, CH4, N2 and CO2 gases. Finally it found that nitrogen-doped gra...

The importance of ALMA to quantitatively trace the evolution of gas and dust from interstellar clouds to planetary systems is discussed and illustrated with recent observational studies of molecules in lowand high-mass young stellar objects. Line surveys using single-dish submillimeter telescopes reveal large chemical variations between different sources, which are likely related to their evolu...