tourism has traditionally been implemented by means of different motivators. tourism began in 1330 and the ecotourism is the main reason for the development of personality and promotion of cultures. circulating in the nature is a course of thinking for scientists in islam. ecotourism is a branch of tourism and it enters the world of its literature in 1970. ecotourism has been doubled in compari...

Background/Context: This article explores sustainability as an emerging paradigm for preservice preparation of teachers. Sustainability education, which is rooted in Deweyan ideas about the fundamental social purposes of schooling, attends to the tensions created by the interconnectedness of environmental, economic, and social equity systems. Sustainability education extends but does not replac...

In this article, we revisit a foundation sustainability framework and argue that integrated sustainability indicators are needed to enable the integrated reporting process. We develop Corporate Sustainability Indicators (CSI) for a major Australian diversified resources firm and engage with expert stakeholders in determining the indicators’ value and explanatory capacity. Importantly, these typ...

While research results exist in energy efficient hardware and its components to achieve environmental sustainability, major research is needed to relate energy consumption of hardware to energy consumption of its executing software. Since software is playing an increasing role in supporting our society its energy efficiency and environmental impact become more important. Green IT and green soft...

Ecommerce models offer many benefits for business operations, such as convenience and easiness, decreased cost of inventory management, expanded customer base, enabled globalization and business analytics, etc. Virtual business models also promote sustainability by reducing energy and resource usage. Despite its pronounced benefits, ecommerce is still subject to challenges of environmental sust...

BACKGROUND The tourism industry which is one of the most dynamic economic activities in today's world plays a significant role in the sustainable development. Therefore, in addition to paying attention to tourism, sustainable tourism must be taken into huge account; otherwise, the environment and its health will be damaged irreparably. METHODS To determine the level of sustainability in this ...

If businesses are to contribute to green sustainable development, then a method of measuring progress is essential. Accounting methods need to be used that indicate to the organisation and the general public the businesses progress towards sustainability. Sustainability, by some definitions, refers to the degradation or depletion of natural resources i.e. the direct and indirect environmental e...

Although a rhetoric of sustainability is now widely used by government, nongovernmental organisations, and business in addressing the public, there is no evidence of a broad shift of behaviour in response to it. Yet most sustainability programmes at international, national, and local levels require broad public participation if they are to reach their goals. We argue that organisational communi...

Efforts to 'operationalize' a concept of sustainability into appraisal methods for practical decisionmaking have been few and generally unpersuasive. In this paper it is argued that this need not be the case if a set of environmentally compensating, or 'shadow', projects within an overall portfolio are used to ensure a sustainability objective of setting a constraint on the depletion and degrad...

The last decade has marked a radical change in the business of sustainability, say environmental activists and industrialists alike. On the wane are "greenwashing" campaigns in which corporations promote dubious environmental accomplishments to draw attention away from environmentally damaging practices. On the rise are corporate investments in sustainability programs, new types of environmenta...