A second-price sealed-bid auction is that a bidder who o ers the highest price gets a good in the second highest price. This style of auction solves the problems of both an English auction and a rst-price sealed-bid auction. An electronic rst-price sealed-bid auction cannot directly be applied to a second-price sealed-bid auction which keeps the highest bid secret. We propose the veri able disc...

This paper examines the determinants of bid-ask spreads and their behaviour around corporate earning announcement dates, for a sample of UK firms over the period 1986-94. The paper finds that closing daily spreads are affected by order processing costs (proxied by trading volumes), inventory control costs (trading volumes and return variability) and asymmetric information (unusually high tradin...

Upon apoptotic stimuli, lysosomal proteases, including cathepsins and chymotrypsin, are released into cytosol due to lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), where they trigger apoptosis via the lysosomal-mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Herein, the mechanism of LMP was investigated. We found that caspase 8-cleaved Bid (tBid) could result in LMP directly. Although Bax or Bak might modestly...

A c-Met inhibitor tivantinib is a candidate anticancer agent for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and CYP2C19 is the key metabolic enzyme for tivantinib. Previous Japanese phase I studies in patients with solid tumors (except HCC) recommend 360 mg twice daily (BID) and 240 mg BID for CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers (EM) and poor metabolizers (PM), respectively. In this study, Japane...

Growth factors have been shown to protect cells from a variety of apoptotic stimuli. In the liver, the Fas system is thought to be very important in the genesis of hepatocyte apoptosis. Others have already shown the importance of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) pathway and of increased Bcl-xl expression in the antiapoptotic effect of growth factors on hepatocytes. We investigated...

Bid opening in sealed-bid e-auction is efficient when a homomorphic encryption algorithm is employed to seal the bids and homomorphic bid opening is employed to open the bids. Such e-auction schemes are called homomorphic auctions. However, high efficiency of homomorphic auctions is based on an assumption: the bids are valid (e.g. within a special range). An undetected invalid bid can compromis...

Discrepancies between current body image perception and desired body image represent levels of body image dissatisfaction (BID). This study investigated the relationship between BID and multidimensional self-concept in adolescents from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. We hypothesized that BID is influenced by specific domains of the self-concept with gender differences. Th...