Abstract: Arabidopsis thaliana is an important model organism in plant biology with a broad geographic distribution including ecotypes from Africa, America, Asia, and Europe. The natural variation of different ecotypes is expected to be reflected to a substantial degree in their genome sequences. Array comparative genomic hybridization (Array-CGH) can be used to quantify the natural variation o...

Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by isochromosome 12p and tissue-limited mosaic tetrasomy 12p. In this study, we diagnosed three pediatric patients who were suspicious of having PKS using array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and FISH analyses performed on peripheral lymphocytes. Patients 1 and 2 presented with craniofacial dysmor...

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a powerful screening technique that can identify regions of gain and loss within the whole genome in a single experiment. The combination of laser capture microdissection, whole-genome amplification, and CGH permits genomic screening with high specificity and sensitivity. This complement of techniques has enabled analysis of focal regions and subpopula...

This article is the second part of a work dealing with the optoelectronic implementation of artificial neural networks. The authors analyze the problems involved by using computer-generated holograms (CGH) for these interconnections and some methods of designing such diffractive elements. The authors also analyze the error sources and the consequences caused by random deviations of the neurons ...

Shinichi TSUNODA Research Center for Glycoscience e-mail: [email protected] AIST Today Vol. 2, No. 12 (2002) 19 In these post-genomic era, the mechanism of various diseases, especially cancer, have been understood at molecular level. As cancer is established to be caused by genetic alterations, it is expected to achieve the accurate diagnosis for each cancer based on the genetic infor...

OBJECTIVE To examine the possible association between high fetal nuchal translucency thickness (NT) and pathogenic chromosomal copy number variants (CNVs) detected by array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in pregnancies with normal fetal karyotype. METHODS Array CGH was carried out in stored samples of chorionic villi from 215 singleton pregnancies resulting in live births in which ch...

Genetic aberrations, such as deletions and amplifications are among the major pathogenetic mechanisms underlying many medical disorders. Analysis of chromosomal aberrations is particularly important in cancer research, where amplifications of oncogenes and deletions of tumor suppressor genes are major steps in the "multi-hit" process of tumorigenesis. Genome-wide molecular biological analyses, ...

Sixteen dedifferentiated and pleomorphic liposarcomas were analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to genomic microarrays (matrix-CGH), cDNA-derived microarrays for expression profiling, and by quantitative PCR. Matrix-CGH revealed copy number gains of numerous oncogenes, i.e., CCND1, MDM2, GLI, CDK4, MYB, ESR1, and AIB1, several of which correlate with a high level of transcripts f...

The dark-line defect problem in the conventional polygon computer-generated hologram (CGH) is addressed. To resolve this problem, we clarify the physical origin of the defect and address the concept of phase-regularization. A novel synthesis algorithm for a phase-regularized polygon CGH for generating photorealistic defect-free holographic images is proposed. The optical reconstruction results ...

It is known that the variational inequality problem (VIP) can be converted to a differentiable unconstrained optimization problem via a merit function first considered by Peng and later studied further by Yamashita, Taji and Fukushima. This merit function, called the D-gap function, though is differentiable, is not twice differentiable and its generalized Hessian with existing definitions is ve...