PURPOSE To describe the vascular and nonvascular intracranial and extracranial anomalies associated with hemangiomas and vascular malformations of the face, neck, and/or chest. METHODS Seventeen patients had a physical examination and imaging studies consisting of one or more of the following: pneumoencephalography, conventional carotid and vertebral arteriography, CT, MR imaging, and MR angi...

We read a case report by Manghera et al (JAPI, Vol 62 page No. 76-67), which was in response to an earlier case report by Ola et al.1 Here we would like to share our experience and views as under- The authors in the correspondence have said that crossed cerebellar atrophy is an unusual and rare finding. We in our study of 28 patients of DDMS, have found cerebellar atrophy in nine patients along...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE PHACES syndrome is a neurocutaneous disorder of unknown etiology. We studied the spectrum of associated congenital and progressive cerebral vascular anomalies. METHODS The medical records of 7 patients with PHACES syndrome were reviewed and combined with an additional 108 PHACES cases identified from the literature. We reviewed the clinical characteristics, calculated t...

AIM To investigate the morphology and variation of the circle of Willis (COW) in healthy Chinese male adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed cerebral magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images of 2,246 healthy subjects using typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRA. 3D-time of flight (TOF) MRA method was applied to all subjects and the classification was therefore achieved accordi...

The medial telencephalon is a source of neurons that follow distinct tangential trajectories of migration to various structures such as the cerebral cortex, striatum, and olfactory bulb. In the present study, we characterized the forebrain anomalies in Zic1/Zic3 compound mutant mice. Zic1 and Zic3 were strongly expressed in the medial structures, including the septum, medial cerebral cortex, an...

Mutation of either reelin (Reln) or disabled-1 (Dab1) results in widespread abnormalities in laminar structures throughout the brain and ataxia in reeler and scrambler mice. Both exhibit the same neuroanatomical defects, including cerebellar hypoplasia with Purkinje cell ectopia and disruption of neuronal layers in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Despite these phenotypic similarities, Reln...

Simultaneous presence of the persistent primitive trigeminal artery and so-called intermediate communicating artery in a 77-years-old cadaver autopsied due to the myocardial infarction was discovered. Many vascular variants and abnormalities such as an aplasia of the right vertebral artery (VA), a presence of two right posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs), partial duplication of the right superio...

The incidence of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with erythroid hypoplasia/aplasia is probably underestimated because in most patients it is mistaken for acquired pure red blood cell aplasia. This report describes three children who fulfilled the criteria for MDS with erythroid hypoplasia/aplasia. All these patients had transfusion dependent anaemia, reticulocytopenia, erythroid hypoplasia/aplas...