The use of ceramics as low cost membrane materials for Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) has gained increasing interest, due to improved performance levels in terms of power and catholyte production. The catholyte production in ceramic MFCs can be attributed to a combination of water or hydrogen peroxide formation from the oxygen reduction reaction in the cathode, water diffusion and electroosmotic d...

All-ceramic fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) tend to fracture at the connector regions due high stress concentration these areas influenced by their design. This study was performed as an adjunct existing clinical evaluate influence of different radii curvature gingival embrasure on distribution a three-unit all-ceramic implanted supported FDP. Three three-dimensional (3D) models were created sca...

A strategy is proposed to reduce surface tensile stresses that develop in ceramic microlaminate structures. As a specific example, surface stresses, which can lead to unwanted edge cracking, appear within a thin alumina/mullite layer bounded by thicker alumina layers after fabrication at some elevated temperature and subsequent cooling. A stress analysis is performed using the finite element me...

The aims of this study were to examine the enamel protective effect of a direct laminate veneer against acidic conditions, measure the amount of fluoride released from the veneer and which was taken up by the enamel, as well as evaluate the usefulness of the veneer for orthodontic treatment. First, a veneer was applied to rabbit incisors. Then, apart from using profile measurement microscope an...

The literature has described the clinical aspects of the laminate veneer restoration; however, the laboratory preparation of these veneers has not been detailed This paper outlines a step-by-step laboratory technique for the construction of a commercially available laminate veneer, Mastique.® J_Jaminate veneers have been successfully used on patients with hypoplasia, tetracycline staining, fluo...

The aims of this study were to determine the fracture origins and crack paths in the porcelain of clinically failed bilayer ceramic restorations and to reveal the correlation between the porcelain failures and material properties. Three clinically failed crowns of each material (bilayer zirconia crowns, galvano-ceramic crowns, and porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns) were collected and underwent fa...

Esthetic treatment of a single darkened tooth represents a great challenge to the dental practitioner. The properties of dental ceramic-colour stability, mechanical strength, clinical longevity, esthetic appearance and compatibility with periodontal tissues-make this material a good choice for such treatment. We present a case of restoration of a single, highly darkened anterior tooth with a fe...

Dental restorations, fixed prosthodontics, and implants affect dose distribution in head and neck radiation therapy due to the high atomic number of the materials utilized. The backscatter of electrons from metallic materials due to the impinging treatment x-ray results in localized dose enhancements. These dose enhancements cause localized mucositis in patients who have dental work, a signific...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the debonding strength of laminate veneers after using erbium-doped: yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 bovine mandibular incisor teeth were divided into two groups (n = 30). Cylindrical specimens (0.7 mm × 5 mm) were fabricated from Empress II ceramic. Then, they were cemented to incisors using dual...

Stress analysis of functionally graded composite plates composed of ceramic, functionally graded material and metal layers is investigated using 3-D finite element method. In FGM layer, material properties are assumed to be varied continuously in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction of a ceramic and metal. The 3-D finite element mo...