Tobacco use is the world's leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, resulting in nearly 6 million deaths each year (1). Smoked tobacco products, such as cigarettes and cigars, are the most common form of tobacco consumed worldwide (2), and most tobacco smokers begin smoking during adolescence (3). The health benefits of quitting are greater for persons who stop smoking at earlier a...

Energy security, as one of the most important components state is a permanent element academic debates and political discussions. Owing to multidimensional multifaceted nature energy defining it complex process, requiring consideration wide range factors straddling economics, geology, ecology geopolitics which decide whether we are dealing with security or lack it. usually equated supply. Anoth...

Hyponephele Muschamp, 1915 is a Palaearctic genus comprising 39 species (Eckweiler, Bozano, 2011), with most distributed in the Central Asiatic region. During the course of faunistic studies on the butterflies of Tajikistan, a new member of this genus was found; it is described herein as new. It is closely related and sympatric to H. hilaris (Staudinger, 1886) so compared to this one.

The Belt and Road initiative, recently embarked on by China, aims to improve cross-border infrastructure in order to reduce transportation costs across a massive geographical area between China and Europe. We estimate how much trade might be created among Belt and Road countries as a consequence of the reduction in transportation costs (both railway and maritime) and find that European Union co...

security of energy is the major concern of the world, especially the large industrial countries. countries of central asia and the caucasus are the most important countries in the field of energy resources and energy transfer. of the eight countries of central asia and the caucasus, azerbaijan, kazakhstan, turkmenistan and uzbekistan has in total 3.2 percent crude oil reserves and about 14 perc...

Research Highlights: Despite a long tradition of using poplars as wood source across Central Asia, recent international breeding developments have not penetrated that region yet. This study therefore explored growth performance 30 local and poplar cultivars. Background Objectives: The Asian countries are forest poor countries, which need to cover the domestic demand through costly imports. Ther...