A growing goal in the field of metabolism is to determine the impact of genetics on different aspects of mitochondrial function. Understanding these relationships will help to understand the underlying etiology for a range of diseases linked with mitochondrial dysfunction, such as diabetes and obesity. Recent advances in instrumentation, has enabled the monitoring of distinct parameters of mito...

Damage to renal tubular and mesangial cells is central to the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN), a complication of diabetes which can lead to renal failure. Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration and produce energy in the form of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in DN. Since the kidney is an organ with high bioenergetic needs...

0-0005 to 0-004M resulted in progressive acceleration of respiration. Glucose plus hexokinase accelerated respiration, which was further increased by AMP. 3. The addition to the mitochondrial fraction of the particle-free supernatant of kidney cortex greatly enhanced the stimulating action of p. nitrophenol on the respiration. The supernatant fraction of mammary tissue did not show a correspond...

Respiration Rate is one of the vital signs which require regular monitoring among diseased people. There are a number of medical devices developed to monitor human health condition among them RR monitor is one. The Respiration rate monitor is a device that measures the subject’s respiration rate non-invasively. The objective of the proposed work is to design and develop a low cost Respiration r...

Nitrogen (N) fertilization has a considerable effect on food production and carbon cycling in agro-ecosystems. However, the impacts of N fertilization rates on the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (Q10) were controversial. Five N rates (N0, N45, N90, N135, and N180) were applied to a continuous winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop on the semi-arid Loess Plateau, and the in situ s...

Macrophage-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in EMT-6 murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells can be mimicked in vitro by treatment of the cells with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in combination with tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, or lipopolysaccharide. Conditioned supernatants obtained from activated macrophages appear to contain interferon-gamma, suggesting that inhibition of...

The division of Tetrahymena pyriformis GL cells was synchronized with either seven hypoxic or five hyperthermic (heat) shocks. Hyperthermic shocks of 34 degrees C produced no reduction in respiration rate and only a 19% decline in intracellular ATP concentration. Hypoxic shocks of 0.15% ambient oxygen concentration depressed intracellular ATP concentration 50%. It therefore appears that hypoxic...

Shake flasks are commonly used for process development in biotechnologyindustry. For this purpose a lot of information is required from the growth conditions duringthe fermentation experiments. Therefore, Anderlei et al. developed the RAMOS technology[1, 2], which proviedes on-line oxygen and carbondioxide transfer rates in shake flasks.Besides oxygen consumption, the pH in the medium also play...