Nocardia is an opportunistic pathogen that causes respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiology, clinical significance and antimicrobial susceptibility of Nocardia species isolated from eight children with cystic fibrosis. The isolated species were identified as Nocardia farcinica, Nocardia transvalensis, Nocardia pneumoniae, Nocardi...

Cefotaxime, imipenem, gentamicin, and doxycycline were active in vitro against the virulent serotype O8 Yersinia enterocolitica WA strain. Amoxycillin was inactive. The in vivo activity of these drugs was evaluated in a standardized and reproducible mouse model of systemic infection. Each single antibiotic was injected intravenously 30 h after intravenous inoculation of Y. enterocolitica WA. In...

We evaluated the impact of revised Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints for broad-spectrum cephalosporins (BSCs) on the susceptibilities of 1,742 isolates of Enterobacter species, Serratia marcescens, Citrobacter freundii, and Morganella morganii. The 2011 CLSI criteria for cefotaxime and ceftazidime reduced the rates of susceptibility by 2.9% and 5.9%, respectively. T...

objective(s): to evaluate the in vitro interaction between different extracts of thymbra spicata l. and certain antimicrobial drugs of different mechanisms, including ampicillin, cefotaxime, amikacin and ciprofloxacin. this study was performed against multidrug-resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae. materials and methods: evaluation of antibacterial activity and s...

Paratyphoid fever is considered an emerging systemic intracellular infection caused by Salmonella enterica serotypes Paratyphi A, B, and C. We performed in vitro time-kill studies on three clinical isolates of nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella serotype Paratyphi (NARSP) with different concentrations of ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime to identify combinations of antibiotics with synergistic activ...

The disposition of cefotaxime (CTX) and desacetyl cefotaxime (DAC) was studied in eight noninfected patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Each patient received a single intravenous (i.v.) infusion and an intraperitoneal (i.p.) instillation of 2 g of CTX. Multiple blood and dialysate samples were collected during the 72-h period after drug administration. The half-life, steady-s...

β-lactamases production represents a determining factor in bacterial resistance to β-lactam antimicrobial agents. Over 200 enzymes have been characterized for their nucleotidic sequences and/or biochemical properties [1]. Among class A β-lactamases [2] TEM-1 is the commonest enzyme in Enterobacteriaceae. Because of wide spread use of antibiotics there has been the emergence of different variant...

OBJECTIVES Considering the hypothesis that the high biliary elimination of ceftriaxone could be responsible for the selection of Enterobacteriaceae harbouring high-level AmpC β-lactamase (HL-CASE), the use of ceftriaxone was discontinued in our hospital in 2006 and replaced with cefotaxime. METHODS Antibiotic consumption, expressed as defined daily dose (DDD)/1000 patient-days (PD), and HL-CA...

One hundred clinical isolates resistant to ceftazidime and/or cefotaxime were examined for susceptibility to cefepime. The most frequently encountered ceftazidime-cefotaxime-resistant strains belonged to the genera Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Citrobacter. Among these strains, 92% were resistant to cefoperazone, 91% were resistant to cefotaxime, 84% were resistant to ceftazidime, and 6% were ...

INTRODUCTION The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) updated its antimicrobial susceptibility testing interpretation criteria for Enterobacteriaceae. This study assessed the effects of clinical breakpoint changes in the CLSI 2009 to 2012 guidelines on antibiotic susceptibility testing reports. METHODOLOGY In total, 2,076 non-duplicate clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae wer...