Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS), the most commonly occurring primary bone tumor in dogs and humans, has deficient treatment options dismal survival outcomes. Spontaneously OS shares numerous similarities with humans greater prevalence, allowing dog to serve as an informative comparative oncology model. The objective of this study was investigate non-thermal focused ultrasound technique histotripsy i...

C57BL/6 (B6) mice infected with LP-BM5 retroviruses develop disease, including an immunodeficiency similar to AIDS. This disease, murine AIDS (MAIDS), is inhibited by in vivo anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody treatment. The similar levels of insusceptibility of CD40(-/-) and CD154(-/-) B6 mice indicate that CD154/CD40 molecular interactions are required for MAIDS. CD4(+) T and B cells, respectivel...

Monoclonal antibody BB1 was previously shown to recognize the CD80 protein as well as a putative B7.3 molecule, both ligands of the important T-cell receptors CD28 and CTLA-4. We report that BB1 coprecipitated from detergent lysates of human B- and pre-B-cell lines a protein kinase activity, as detected by solid phase immunoprecipitation followed by in vitro kinase assay. As other monoclonal an...

Abstract Studies in mice expressing the diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) exclusively on regulatory T (Treg) cells (Foxp3-DTR mice) demonstrated critical importance of Treg maintaining normal immune homeostasis. Adult Foxp3-DTR injected with DT begin to die from day 10 after treatment. Marked expansion almost all cell types was observed prior death. The purpose present studies examine in-depth ch...

There is a clear decrease in CD8(+) T cell effector function with aging, a loss once thought to be intrinsic to the CD8(+) T cells. Recent studies suggest, however, that this decline may be a consequence of altered stimulatory signals within the aged lymphoid microenvironment. In this study, we compared the immune responses of young and old mice against the BM-185 pre-B cell lymphoma expressing...

AIMS To construct and evaluate rats' tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) through induction by NF-κB Decoy method. METHODS GM-CSF and IL-4 were used to transform rats's monocytes into DC, and DC were stimulated with LPS, NF-κB Decoy ODN, and loaded with Bovine Type II Collagen. The following methods were employed to phenotype DC: 1) Observation of cell morphology; 2) Evaluation of cell viability ...

Rodent models with autoimmune diseases provide many insights to unravel the complexities of human diseases as tools for hypothesis testing and preclinical drug efficacy screening (Sun et al., 2008). Nearly ten years ago, we performed a comparative mouse and human gene array study to identify potentially dysregulated genes in alopecia areata (AA). One such gene was CLTA4, a co-stimulatory T cell...