We estimate the contribution of Massive Compact Halo Objects (Machos) and their stellar progenitors to the mass density of the Universe. If the Machos that have been detected reside in the Halo of our Galaxy, then a simple extrapolation of the Galactic population (out to 50 kpc) of Machos to cosmic scales gives a cosmic density ρMacho = (1 − 5) × 10 hM Mpc , which in terms of the critical densi...

A wide variety of monitoring tests are available to help gauge HIV disease progression and the state of overall health. HIV viral load tests provide a picture of viral activity, while CD4 cell counts shed light on the status of the immune system and can help physicians predict—and therefore prevent—the development of opportunistic illnesses (OIs).These tests can help guide treatment decisions a...